實(shí)用新型專利翻譯知識(shí)
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實(shí)用新型專利翻譯
一、常用句型
本實(shí)用新型涉及A， 尤其是一種，它由B,C,D 組成，其中 B， C， D。 其特征在于 1；2；3。本實(shí)用新型具有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
The utility model relates to a A, in particular to a ， which comprises a B, a C and a D； wherein, the B，and； the C，and; the D。The utility model is characterized in that。 The utility model has the advantages of (that)
注意：其中描述省略號(hào)部分內(nèi)容時(shí)，何種情況用分句，何種情況用名詞性短語(yǔ)，按照最基本的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法來(lái)判斷并正確使用。專利中文文摘中，往往出現(xiàn)很多短小分句，要按照英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的要求和句意進(jìn)行整合，不能既有分句又有名詞性成分簡(jiǎn)單羅列。
A與B連接, A is connected with B 不可用link
A與B連通, A is communicated with B
A 具有(裝有), A is provided with (has)
A安裝（位于）在B上, A is arranged（positioned） on/at 一般不用locate
多用一般現(xiàn)在式，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
二、部分專利翻譯要求
1. 文中不要使用過(guò)多的連詞符。
2. 翻譯中有詞語(yǔ)漏翻，個(gè)別詞語(yǔ)和句子翻譯的不夠準(zhǔn)確，注意專利術(shù)語(yǔ)要使用正確。
3. 同一詞語(yǔ)前后使用表達(dá)要保持一致。
4. 對(duì)于攝氏度的正確表達(dá)方法是DEG C
5. 本實(shí)用新型的技術(shù)方案是:
The technic proposal of the utility model is that
6.具有，帶有 最好has/include, 不用 be with
7. 注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式和介詞的使用.
8. 新型的，可用novel
9. 成一定角度 in a certain angle
如：在０－３０°之間 ranging from 0 DEG to 30 DEG
10. 由...組成/包括不要大量的使用is composed of的結(jié)構(gòu)，盡量使用comprise/consist of的相應(yīng)形式
11. 本實(shí)用新型請(qǐng)求保護(hù)一種汽車零部件盛具防跳結(jié)構(gòu) 實(shí)際是說(shuō)，本實(shí)用新型涉及一種汽車零部件盛具防跳結(jié)構(gòu)。
The utility model relates to an auto part protecting holder adopted anti-jump structure.
12. The utility model is a 改為The utility model relates to/provides/discloses a ；
13. 不要用it, them指代，以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句結(jié)構(gòu)，或者原來(lái)的名稱，來(lái)替代it的使用；
14. 所述，上述均用the，不要用said或 above mentioned；
15. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要根據(jù)前后邏輯，該斷句處斷句，不該斷處不要隨意斷句，正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)代表不同的邏輯關(guān)系。
16. 中文中阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，要在英文中準(zhǔn)確體現(xiàn)。
17. 如果一些專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)不是很確定，可以根據(jù)申請(qǐng)?zhí)?，到專利信息中心的網(wǎng)站，或google網(wǎng)站查詢
18. 專利習(xí)慣用法，多個(gè)，若干： a plurality of; 不可以用certain 或 a number of/ some/ multiple/many/few
19. 避免出現(xiàn)should,shall,will
20. 專利用語(yǔ)不準(zhǔn)確，特別是，尤其涉及一種 更具體地說(shuō)是一種正確的表述是more particularly, in particular to不可用specifically speaking表述
21.與相匹配 用matches with
22.thus + doing
23. ①②③④是非法字符，應(yīng)該分別用(1),(2), (3), (4)來(lái)表示。
24.‘↓’如果出現(xiàn)在化學(xué)符號(hào)中，就不用翻譯，
例如，ＣＨ↓[2]，翻譯成ＣＨ２
如果出現(xiàn)在數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)中，例如 1↓[2] 就翻譯成1<2>，Ａ↓[ｈ]翻譯成Ａ；
如果是上箭頭，則都需要翻譯成<>，例如：2.5×10↑[6] /cm ↑[3] 翻譯成 2.5 multiplied by 10<6>/cm<3>
25. 一些表示形狀的漢字，能查到的就在網(wǎng)上查怎么樣翻譯，如果實(shí)在差不到，也不要把漢字直接粘貼在英文中，這樣會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，可以翻譯成 ... shaped like a Chinese character ''漢字拼音''
26. 翻譯中的標(biāo)號(hào)要中英文完全保持一致，避免漏標(biāo)和錯(cuò)標(biāo)
27. 注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后首字母的大小寫，分號(hào)，逗號(hào)之后的首字母不要大寫；
28.表示標(biāo)號(hào)的數(shù)字后面不能用逗號(hào)，如The utility model has the advantages of that: 1,. 2, 3, 應(yīng)改為1.2.3.
29. 長(zhǎng)句中的多個(gè)短句的定語(yǔ)從句要準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)原文，可以適當(dāng)分成單獨(dú)的句子翻譯，不要都直接用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)使譯文與原意不符;
三、錯(cuò)誤舉例
1. 例如：本實(shí)用新型提供一種漏斗
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with a funnel
正確：The utility model provides a funnel
2. 某些句子采用被動(dòng)形式較好
例如：采用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的包裝盒構(gòu)造，簡(jiǎn)化了包裝步驟及強(qiáng)化了該鎖具相對(duì)該包裝盒構(gòu)造的卡掣可靠度，進(jìn)而提升該包裝盒構(gòu)造的包裝效率及質(zhì)量。
錯(cuò)誤：The packing case structure simplifies the packing steps, enhances the blocking reliability of the packing case, and further promotes the packing efficiency and quality of the packing case.
正確：By adopting the structure of the packing case, the packing steps are simplified, the blocking reliability of the packing case is enhanced, and the packing efficiency and quality of the packing case are further promoted.
3. which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，句子成分要完整
例如：包括箱體和箱蓋，箱體和箱蓋設(shè)有保溫層
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a box body and a box cover which provided with an insulation layer
正確：comprises a box body and a box cover which are respectively provided with an insulation layer
4. 本實(shí)用新型需要解決的技術(shù)問(wèn)題是
錯(cuò)誤：The technological issue of utility model that needs to solve is
正確：The technological issue of utility model to be solved is
5. 該裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，效果顯著。
錯(cuò)誤：The structure of the device is simple and the effect is distinct.
正確：The device has simple structure and remarkable effect.
6. 能夠回收再利用，使用成本低廉。適用于各種礦山行業(yè)安裝使用
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can be reused and the cost is low, which can be used in all mines.
正確：The device can be reused and is suitable for use in all mining industries, with low cost.
備注：從句中的which 與主語(yǔ)不一致
7. 儲(chǔ)料盒后接供料軟管及手持伸縮桿
錯(cuò)誤：the storing box is back connected with a feeding hose and the hand-hold extension arm
正確：the back of the storing box is connected with a feeding hose and the hand-hold extension arm
8. 主謂一致問(wèn)題
例如：所述游人出入大廳通過(guò)游人通道與地宮的第一出入口連通
錯(cuò)誤：The visitor exit and entrance hall is communicated with a first entrance of the underground palace through a visitor passage,
正確：The visitor exit and entrance hall are communicated with a first entrance of the underground palace through a visitor passage,
9.句子成分不完整，缺少謂語(yǔ)
例如：一種雙排彈子空轉(zhuǎn)鎖頭，由殼體、鎖芯、離合芯等構(gòu)成
錯(cuò)誤：A double-row billiards hollow turning locking head which is composed of a shell, a lock cylinder and a clutch core;
正確：A double-row billiards hollow turning locking head is composed of a shell, a lock cylinder and a clutch core;
10.另一端與內(nèi)壁之間有一定間距
錯(cuò)誤：the other end is kept with a certain space between the other end of the baffle plate and the inner wall
正確：a certain space is kept between the other end of the baffle plate and the inner wall
11.語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題主要是介詞詞組不能做主語(yǔ)+is provided with，應(yīng)該是The A is provided with B and C +介詞詞組
⑴例如：在用戶端設(shè)有控氣裝置
錯(cuò)誤：at the user end is provided with a gas control device
正確： the user end is provided with a gas control device
⑵例如：前壁與后壁之間設(shè)置電加熱元件
錯(cuò)誤：Between the front wall and the back wall is provided with the electric heat component
正確：the electric heat component is arranged between the front wall and the back wall
12.處理回收過(guò)程造成的二次污染。
the secondary pollutant resulting in handling the recycling process.
resulting in 改為 caused by
13.造成二次污染等嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題。
produce serious problems such as secondary pollutant.
Produce 應(yīng)改為 cause
14.來(lái)達(dá)到人體最舒適的坐姿和躺姿。
so the patients can have the most comfortable sitting and lying gestures of the body.
the most comfortable sitting and lying gestures of the body can be achieved.
文中沒(méi)提到主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
15.由于改進(jìn)型的鼻全息穴導(dǎo)藥電極解決了現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品罩狀電極使用壽命過(guò)短。
錯(cuò)誤：Because the improved nasal holographic point drug-leading electrode has solved the problems of the short life-span of the cover-shaped electrode of the current products.
正確：As the improved nasal holographic point drug-leading electrode solves the problems of the short service life of the cover-shaped electrode of the current products.
16.符合提升產(chǎn)品經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的有益功效。
錯(cuò)誤：thereby going with the demand for enhancing economic benefits of products.
正確：thereby conforming with the demand for enhancing economic benefits of products.
17.圓盤圓心位于金屬筒軸線中。
the center of the disk is located in the axial line of the metal barrel.
located 不準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)改為positioned
18.還具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、可靠性能好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
The utility model also has the advantages of a simple structure and a high reliability.
應(yīng)把a(bǔ)改為the，或者把a(bǔ)去掉
19.斗式提升機(jī)或刮板機(jī)機(jī)尾位于熄焦水槽底部、機(jī)頭位于焦倉(cāng)上方設(shè)置。
The end of bucket-type lifting machine or the scraping machine is arranged under the quenching flume while their heads are arranged above the coke bin.
their 屬于代詞，指代不清 應(yīng)改為 the head of bucket-type lifting machine or the scraping machine
20. 翻譯時(shí)，不要用its,應(yīng)當(dāng)指出所代表的具體東西。如：
其結(jié)構(gòu)是撬體由兩個(gè)方鋼骨架和四個(gè)方鋼加強(qiáng)筋
Its structure is the skid consisting of two square steel frameworks and four square stiffeners.
改成：The skid waterproof device has the structure of that the skid consists of two square steel frameworks and four square stiffeners.
21. 邏輯不清。在處理此類問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們要抓住句子的主干部分。 例如：
自我穴位點(diǎn)壓按摩器，包括立柱、支撐臂、按摩球，其特征在于分別有垂直桿按摩球的兩個(gè)連件一端共同套在立柱上，垂直于立柱的兩連件另一端分別與兩個(gè)相向彎曲的支撐臂內(nèi)端作軸連接。
Self point percussion massager comprising a standing pole, supporting arms and massage balls is characterized in that（two connecting pieces, vertical to the standing pole, each one of which has a combo of vertical pole and massage ball and is fixed around the standing pole at one end, are pivotally connected to the inside ends of two aspectant curving supporting arms at the other ends.）
（one end of the two connecting pieces of the massage balls of the vertical pole is respectively sleeved on the standing pole together; the other end of the two connecting pieces which is vertical to the standing pole is respectively and pivotally connected with the inner ends of two aspectant curving supporting arms.）
22. The utility model, makes use of 'V' clamps, can not only ensure an easy feeding of materials and realize an accurate positioning but promise the availability of the clamps with the same specification to the materials with different sizes and shapes, thereby endows the clamps a university. （thereby +doing）
改成thereby making the clamps have universality
23.回轉(zhuǎn)銷將回轉(zhuǎn)擺臂總成可轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)地安裝在轉(zhuǎn)軸座總成上
錯(cuò)誤：The swivel-pin fixed rotatablely the assembly of gyroscopic pendulum arm on the assembly shaft seats.
正確：The assembly of gyroscopic pendulum arm is rotatablely arranged on the assembly shaft seats by the swivel-pin.
注：專利翻譯中要嚴(yán)格區(qū)分安裝、設(shè)置、連接、固定，不能一律使用fix
24.水平回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動(dòng)作業(yè)可靠。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is credible in horizontal gyroscopic driving operation.
正確：The utility model is reliable in horizontal gyroscopic driving operation.
25.設(shè)置在軸上的刀具由兩種刀具來(lái)構(gòu)成
錯(cuò)誤：The cutters set on shaft are two types
正確：The cutters arranged on shaft are two types
注：A設(shè)置或安裝，位于在B上，只能用arrange 不能用set
26.包括機(jī)架組件（２）、尾輪組件（８）、乘座組件（９）
錯(cuò)誤：includes chassis component(2) tail-wheel component(8)seat component(9)
正確：includes a chassis component(2), a tail-wheel component(8), a seat component(9)
注：首次提到的名次前應(yīng)該叫不定冠詞a/an，再次提到時(shí)用the
27. 并利用沖入的熱氣體使缸體內(nèi)水流動(dòng)和產(chǎn)生漩渦，實(shí)現(xiàn)按摩功能
錯(cuò)誤：and the invention utilizes surfed hot gas for water flowing and burble in the tub in order for massage function.
正確：and the invention utilizes surfed hot gas for water flowing and burble in the tub so as to realize the function of massage.
28.用以容置傳動(dòng)齒輪組的齒輪傳動(dòng)箱的近圓盤鋸端
錯(cuò)誤：End of a gear transmission box which is used to contain the transmission gear set closing to the disc saw
正確：End of a gear transmission box which is used to contain the transmission gear set close to the disc saw
29.瓶體的頂端安有燈。
錯(cuò)誤：A lamp is equipped in the top end of the vase body.
正確：A lamp is arranged in the top end of the vase body.
30.籠體下端設(shè)有若干支撐架。
錯(cuò)誤：Some support brackets are at the bottom of the cage body.
正確：A plurality of support brackets are arranged at the bottom of the cage body.
31.在回流管上裝有回流馬達(dá)
錯(cuò)誤：The circumfluence motor is installed on the circumfluence pipes
正確：A circumfluence motor is arranged on the circumfluence pipes
32.特點(diǎn)是：
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with the following features:
正確：The utility model is characterized in that
33.二調(diào)整片體另端各設(shè)有勾體與結(jié)合體。
錯(cuò)誤：The other ends of the two trim plates are equipped with clasp and coalition respectively.
正確：The other ends of the two trim plates are provided with clasp and coalition respectively.
34.本實(shí)用新型的目的在于提供
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is aimed at providing
正確：The utility model aims at providing
35.采用移動(dòng)式結(jié)構(gòu)，便于在普通家庭中使用；采用鵝卵石為按摩頭，按摩效果好，美觀大方，具有一定的裝飾效果。
錯(cuò)誤：The movable structure is easy to use in the ordinary households; using the cobblestones as the massage heads, which has the good massage effect, beautiful appearance and certain decorative effects.
正確：By adopting the movable structure, the utility model is easy to use in the ordinary households; by using the cobblestones as the massage heads, the utility model has good massage effect, beautiful appearance and certain decorative effects.
注：翻譯時(shí)，要弄清楚邏輯關(guān)系，找到主語(yǔ)，注意語(yǔ)法。
36.循環(huán)傳導(dǎo)管回流液體，先經(jīng)過(guò)在回流儲(chǔ)藏室混合
錯(cuò)誤：the backflow liquid of the cycle conducting tube shall flow through the backflow storage room and blend
正確：the backflow liquid of the cycle conducting tube flows through the backflow storage room and blend
注：時(shí)態(tài)一般采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，最好不用shall/will。
37.主管上靠近主管頭的一端有氣囊。
錯(cuò)誤：The main tube has a balloon near one end of the main tube head.
正確：One end of the main tube close to the main tube head is provided with an air cell.
38.本實(shí)用新型設(shè)計(jì)有（具有，設(shè)有）氣囊
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model designs the balloon
正確：The utility model is provided with the balloon
注：不能以漢語(yǔ)的思維簡(jiǎn)單羅列單詞，要根據(jù)文章的意思及專利要求組織語(yǔ)句。
39. 例如：患者無(wú)痛苦，操作準(zhǔn)確可靠，膨脹均勻，使用一次性膠套，可杜絕任何疾病傳染等。
錯(cuò)誤：no pain for the patients, accurate and reliable operation, even dilation, while the disposable rubber cover can prevent any disease infection.
正確：The utility model has the advantages of no pain for the patients, accurate and reliable operation, even dilation and preventing any disease infection by using the disposable rubber cover.
注：此錯(cuò)譯句子中，缺少主語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，不統(tǒng)一。
40. 例如：本實(shí)用新型的防滑胎回彈力高，強(qiáng)度大。
錯(cuò)誤：The anti-skid tyre talked about in the utility model enjoys a high resilience and large strength.
正確：The anti-skid tyre of the utility model has the advantages of high resilience and large strength.
41.本實(shí)用新型具有節(jié)能環(huán)保的效果，可對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)尾氣進(jìn)行降噪，并熄滅夾帶在尾氣中的火花。
錯(cuò)誤：Enjoying energy-saving and environment-protecting functions, the utility model may be used to lower the noise produced by the discharge of tail gas of motor and to quench the sparks existing in the tail gas.
正確：The utility model has the functions of energy-saving and environment-protecting, so as to lower the noise produced by the discharge of tail gas of motor and to quench the sparks existing in the tail gas.
42.本實(shí)用新型由二層結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is in possession of a dual-course structure.
正確：The utility model is composed of a dual-course structure.
43.鋼絲固定圈的外側(cè)有制有大斜度的斜形面。
錯(cuò)誤：The outer side of stationary wire cycle of main body of rotating rim is formulated with a inclined place with a large pitch.
正確：The outer side of stationary wire cycle of main body of rotating rim is provided with a inclined place with a large pitch.
44...要解決普通的０＃柴油在天氣寒冷時(shí)無(wú)法使用的問(wèn)題。
錯(cuò)誤：mainly aiming at handling the problem that common diesel oil 0 model cannot be used in chilly weather.
正確：mainly aiming at handling the problem of that common diesel oil 0 model cannot be used in chilly weather.
45.具有警覺(jué)性的手感，外表形狀也比較活潑。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model gives an alert handle. Besides, its shape gives people a vivacious feeling.
正確：The utility model not only has an alert handle but also a vivacious appearance.
注：原譯文意思和語(yǔ)法都基本符合原文，但是要考慮英文的表達(dá)方式改進(jìn)。
46.本實(shí)用新型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于
錯(cuò)誤：The merits of the utility model lie in that
正確：The utility model has the advantages of that
注：要嚴(yán)格使用專利要求中的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)
47.金屬層１和軸２結(jié)合為一體
錯(cuò)誤：The metal layer (1) and the axis (2) are integrate as a whole
正確：The metal layer (1) and the axis (2) are integrated into a whole
48.爐膛與水套間有保溫層，
錯(cuò)誤：Between the hearth and the water jacket is the heat preservation layer
正確： a heat preservation layer is arranged between the hearth and the water jacket, 或者Between the hearth and the water jacket, a heat preservation layer is arranged。
注：不可按照漢語(yǔ)順序簡(jiǎn)單排列句子，要符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法。
49.本實(shí)用新型提供一種The utility model provides, 而不要用The utility model is provided with
例如：本實(shí)用新型提供一種立式礦石對(duì)輥研磨機(jī)。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with a vertical ore twin-roller grinder.
正確：The utility model provides a vertical ore twin-roller grinder.
50. 盡量不要whose指代， 用原名稱即可; 與相對(duì)應(yīng)：be corresponding to
例如：雙螺桿擠出裝置的出料口對(duì)應(yīng)布料裝置的上料端，布料裝置的卸料端對(duì)應(yīng)干燥裝置的上料端
錯(cuò)誤：the material outlet of the twin screw extrusion device is relevant with the loading end of the material distribution device, whose material discharging end is relevant with the loading end of the drying device
正確：the material outlet of the twin screw extrusion device is corresponding to the loading end of the material distribution device, material discharging end of the material distribution device is corresponding to the loading end of the drying device
51. －shaped適合做前置定語(yǔ)，如果是做賓語(yǔ)最好用－type或－shape
例如：所述的支撐架（１）和回形壓塊體（２）連接成Ｔ型
錯(cuò)誤：The support frame (1) is connected with the square- hole pressing block (2) to form a T-shaped
正確：The support frame (1) is connected with the square- hole pressing block (2) to form a T-shape
52. 一種移動(dòng)腳踏式拖把絞干器，主要由框架、把手、水箱、排污閥、鎖定式滾輪、接水槽、擋板、絞干機(jī)構(gòu)和腳踏板組成。
錯(cuò)誤：A mobile pedal type mop water extruder which consists essentially of a frame, handles, a water tank, a wash water valve, locking type idler wheels, a water receiving tank, a baffle, a water extruding mechanism, and a pedal.
正確：A mobile pedal type mop water extruder consists essentially of a frame, handles, a water tank, a wash water valve, locking type idler wheels, a water receiving tank, a baffle, a water extruding mechanism, and a pedal.
注：原錯(cuò)譯句中關(guān)系代詞which時(shí)使句子缺少謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)，翻譯時(shí)要注意句子成分的完整。
53. 句子用詞，并列成分前后詞性要一致。
例如：本實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種適用于自行車使用的，不僅可以提高存車數(shù)量，而且有利于杜絕亂停亂放現(xiàn)象，方便存取的一種自行車車把側(cè)向停放的自行車停車裝置
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a bicycle parking device with the handle sideward placement which is applicable for bicycle and can not only increase the parking numbers but also prevent bicycle disorder parking as well as convenient storing and taking.
正確：The utility model discloses a bicycle parking device with the handle sideward placement which is applicable for bicycle and can not only increase the parking numbers but also prevent bicycle disorder parking as well as facilitate storing and taking.
54.鎖插銷（２）伸出時(shí)插入小插銷帽（４）中
錯(cuò)誤：and the lock bolt (2) will insert into the bolt caps (4) when extending out.
正確：and the lock bolt (2) is inserted into the bolt caps (4) when extending out.
55. 例如： 其結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)是：
錯(cuò)誤：and the structure key points are:
正確：with structure key points of:
56. 首次提到要用冠詞a/an，除非中文原文中明確地說(shuō)了幾個(gè)。
例如：自行車中軸蓋，它由中軸套蓋（１）和大拐頭蓋（２）組成
錯(cuò)誤：The bicycle intermediate shaft cover is composed of an intermediate shaft sleeve cover (1) and a large crutched cover (2).
正確：A bicycle intermediate shaft cover is composed of an intermediate shaft sleeve cover (1) and a large crutched cover (2).
57. 注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)
例如：人們?cè)诔詭な称返臅r(shí)候就會(huì)將瓜子皮等放入包裝袋中，既衛(wèi)生又文明。
錯(cuò)誤：When people are eating the food with shell or nut, the skin or nut like the melon seed shell can be put into the packaging bag, not only meeting the sanitary requirements but also the civilized behavior.
正確：When people are eating the food with shell or nut, the skin or nut like the melon seed shell can be put into the packaging bag, which not only meets the sanitary requirements but also is a the civilized behavior.
58. 使用時(shí)，只需對(duì)各部位進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的組合，并由固定螺栓（１４）穿過(guò)Ｕ形卡及各方管鋼預(yù)留的穿孔后緊固
錯(cuò)誤：When using the utility model, assemble every parts and use the fixing bolt (14) to travel through the U-shaped block and the holes obligated in each square tubes, thus the frame can be fixed easily.
正確：When using the utility model, every parts are assembled and the fixing bolt (14) is used to travel through the U-shaped block and the holes obligated in each square tubes, thus the frame can be fixed easily.
注：不可用動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)，這樣不符合英文習(xí)慣，最好用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替
59. 介詞使用不準(zhǔn)確
例如：上結(jié)晶器１０澆鑄不銹鋼水５
錯(cuò)誤：The upper mould 10 is cast in molten stainless steel 5
正確: The upper mould 10 is cast with molten stainless steel 5
60.注意語(yǔ)法
⑴在砂輪（１）的背面，接近外圓周處設(shè)置若干個(gè)盲孔（２）
錯(cuò)誤：a plurality of blind holes(2) are provided on the back of an grinding wheel (1不能漏) near the edged of the grinding wheel.
正確：a plurality of blind holes(2) are arranged on the back of an grinding wheel (1不能漏) near the outer circle.
⑵用密度較大的物質(zhì)填充盲孔
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can have a heavy matter fill in the blind holes
正確：The utility model uses a denser material to fill the blind holes
⑶使磨漿機(jī)能夠平穩(wěn)地工作，延長(zhǎng)了磨漿機(jī)及砂輪的使用壽命
錯(cuò)誤：so as to make the pulp grinder work smoothly and prolongs the service life of the pulp grinder and the grinding wheel.
正確：so as to make the pulp grinder work smoothly and prolong the service life of the pulp grinder and the grinding wheel.
61. 被安裝于，被設(shè)置于，不可用be equipped on/ be provided on 只能用be arranged / be positioned on
例如：將在面板上設(shè)置的控制信號(hào)反饋給數(shù)據(jù)控制電路
錯(cuò)誤：the control signal which is equipped on the panel is fed back to the data control circuit.
正確：the control signal which is arranged on the panel is fed back to the data control circuit.
62. 注意翻譯時(shí)理解原文的邏輯關(guān)系，意思要與原文符合
例如：包括空心外套、外套一端插入并固定在其內(nèi)的護(hù)手
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a hollow outer bush, a hand protection which is inserted by one end of the outer bushand fixes the outer bush
正確：comprises a hollow outer bush, a hand protection, one end of the outer bush is inserted and fixed in the hand protection
63. 注意詞性
例如：較大推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值
錯(cuò)誤：greater valve of popularize application
正確：greater valve of popularization and application
64. 按照原文的意思，所屬關(guān)系要表述清楚，不能簡(jiǎn)單按漢語(yǔ)順序羅列詞語(yǔ)造句
例如：支桿的下端鉸接在一短桿的中部，下端設(shè)一有中孔的套，
錯(cuò)誤：the lower end of the supporting pole is hinged with the middle part of a short pole. On the lower end （誰(shuí)的？）is arranged with a sleeve with central hole(缺冠詞).
正確：the lower end of the supporting pole is hinged with the middle part of a short pole. The lower end of the short pole is provided with a sleeve with a central hole(缺冠詞).
64. 注意不能漏譯詞語(yǔ)或者單字
例如：金屬?gòu)U邊這一使用價(jià)值較低的材料
錯(cuò)誤：the metal waste side with low value
正確：the metal waste side with low using value
65. 搞清主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)關(guān)系
例如：⑴其右磁系的位置可在磁系箱內(nèi)左右調(diào)整
錯(cuò)誤：the position of the right magnetic sticker can move horizontally from the left to the right
正確：the position of the right magnetic sticker can be adjusted horizontally from left to right
例如：⑵噴孔的上部嵌入Ｕ型槽內(nèi)
錯(cuò)誤：the U-shaped groove is embedded in the upper part of the jet orifice
正確：the upper part of the jet orifice is embedded in the U-shaped groove
66. 本實(shí)用新型是為一種, 此處即使?jié)h語(yǔ)是，也要譯為 The utility model relates to/provides/discloses，不要譯成 The utility model is；
67. 具有不能用enjoy ,應(yīng)該用 be provided with
例如：具多重進(jìn)步性
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model enjoys a plurality of processes.
正確：The utility model is provided with multiple progress
68. 注意連接方式的翻譯，比如卡接（be blocked and connected with），套接 (be sleeved with)，固接 (be fixedly connected with)，鉸接(be articulated with)
例如：所述轉(zhuǎn)軸穿過(guò)隔板并套接于隔板中
錯(cuò)誤：the turning axis is through the clapboard and is connected with the clapboard
正確：the rotor is sleeved with the clapboard through the clapboard
69.濾頭通過(guò)螺紋方式安裝有利于清潔維修濾網(wǎng)
錯(cuò)誤：the filter head is arranged with screw thread method, which is in favor of cleaning and repairing the filtering net
正確：the filter head is arranged by screw thread, which is in favor of cleaning and repairing the filtering net
70.本實(shí)用新型結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，調(diào)節(jié)方便
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is simple in structure and convenient to regulate.
正確：The utility model is simple in structure and convenient for regulating.
71.注意詞性，分清楚名詞和動(dòng)詞的用法; 注意動(dòng)詞的形式，如主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞；注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù);
⑴現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,分詞作定語(yǔ)
例如：掛在預(yù)制樁上的掛架
錯(cuò)誤：a hanging frame hanging on precast pile
正確：a hanging frame hung on precast pile
⑵ 注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
例如：本實(shí)用新型板體的厚度和地?zé)岵鄣脑O(shè)計(jì)適當(dāng)
錯(cuò)誤：the floor body thickness and designing of the geo-thermal chute of the utility model is reasonable
正確：the floor body thickness and designing of the geo-thermal chute of the utility model are reasonable
72. 注意適當(dāng)使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),否則句子結(jié)構(gòu)看起來(lái)比較混亂
例如：汽車停位后，車庫(kù)本體延伸展開(kāi)
錯(cuò)誤：After the vehicle stopped the garage body extended and stretched.
正確：After the vehicle stopped, the garage body extends and stretches.
73. 有些句子結(jié)構(gòu)安排的不合理
例如：按住凸塊可使罩蓋在刀體上沿錐形孔軸線移動(dòng)
錯(cuò)誤：Once presses down the convex block, the cap could move along the axial line of the cone holes
正確：Once pressing down the convex block, the cap can move along the axial line of the cone holes
74. 文中多次出現(xiàn)could，可以用can 代替，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；
例如：可減小筆尖端部磁場(chǎng)的作用范圍
錯(cuò)誤：the magnetic field scope of pen nib could be reduced
正確：the magnetic field scope of pen nib can be reduced
75.由原直接連接改為軟連接
錯(cuò)誤：changes the originally possessed direct connection into the soft connection
正確： replace the originally possessed direct connection by(with) the soft connection
76. which 指代不清楚
例如：所述汽艇船船體底部設(shè)有平衡板，平衡板上設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)
錯(cuò)誤：A balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of a steam boat body, on which a steering system,
正確：A balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of a steam boat body, a steering system is arranged on the balancing plate,
77.注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整,缺少謂語(yǔ)
例如：一種改進(jìn)的魚缸，其缸體由一個(gè)底面和四個(gè)側(cè)面粘接而成
錯(cuò)誤：An improved aquarium whose tank body consists of a bottom surface and four side surfaces which are boned with the bottom surface .
正確：An improved aquarium is provided, a tank body of the aquarium consists of a bottom surface and four side surfaces which are boned with the bottom surface.
78.句子成分，結(jié)構(gòu)上要前后一致
例如：本實(shí)用新型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是制作簡(jiǎn)單、使用方便、易除灰塵、可清空塵積、
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, convenient to be used, easy for dedust, able to remove the accumulated dust
正確：The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, convenient use, easy dedust, cleaning the accumulated dust
79.用電量至少小于臥室空調(diào)用電量的十分之一
錯(cuò)誤：the electrical consumption is smaller than 10% that of the bedroom air conditioner
正確：the electrical consumption is smaller by 10% than that of the bedroom air conditioner
80. 例如：本實(shí)用新型結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，使用范圍廣，應(yīng)用動(dòng)力小，維修方便成本低廉。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is characterized in simple structure, wide ranges of using, small power of application, easy maintenance and low cost.
正確：The utility model has advantages of simple structure, wide ranges of using, small power of application, easy maintenance and low cost.
81.包括座體２、軸承９、迷宮式內(nèi)外密封圈４、３。
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a block 2, a bearing 9 and labyrinth- typed internal and external sealing ring 4 and 3.
正確：comprises a block 2, a bearing 9 and a labyrinth- typed internal and external sealing rings 4 and 3.
注：注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和冠詞的使用。
82.本實(shí)用新型涉及一種大型金屬薄殼體工件焊接轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)吊裝具
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model relates to a large-scale thin metal shell work piece welding rotary hoisting
正確：The utility model relates to a welding rotary hoisting for large-scale thin metal shell work piece
注：對(duì)于關(guān)鍵詞的翻譯避免按照漢語(yǔ)順序?qū)讉€(gè)詞語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單的羅列出來(lái)，要認(rèn)真分析其修飾關(guān)系后，進(jìn)行順序的調(diào)整。
83.在前后押運(yùn)室左右兩側(cè)均設(shè)有防護(hù)門。
錯(cuò)誤：A protective door is respectively arranged on each side of the front and rear escort compartments.
正確： Protective doors are respectively arranged on each side of the front and rear escort compartments.
84. 名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式，不可用復(fù)數(shù)，如中藥渣容器不要譯為Chinese medicine-dregs container；
85. 所屬關(guān)系中部分內(nèi)容前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)，可用thereof 表述以避免重復(fù)，如 通風(fēng)孔上方并延伸遮蔽通風(fēng)孔的遮陽(yáng)板譯文a sunshade plate is arranged above the ventilation holes and extends to cover the ventilation holes可簡(jiǎn)化為a sunshade plate is arranged above the ventilation holes and extends to cover thereof；
86. 認(rèn)真分析文意，分清楚修飾關(guān)系，如 醫(yī)用體位墊，體位墊是一個(gè)完整的名詞，不要譯為a cushion for medical body position；
87. 同一句子中and前后結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)保持一致，如 避免受壓并防治褥瘡譯為avoid being pressed and bedsore，and 后并列的應(yīng)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)；
88.本實(shí)用新型鎖定接骨螺釘涉及的是一種適用于人體骨折固定螺釘，
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model of the locked bone screw relates to a fixing screw
正確：The locked bone screw of the utility model relates to a fixing screw
注：所屬關(guān)系表述不正確。
89.收集器皿的底部開(kāi)口并通過(guò)輸液管與廢液收集桶的上端部相通
錯(cuò)誤：the bottom of the collecting vessel is open and connected with the upper extreme of the waste liquid collecting bucket;
正確：the bottom of the collecting vessel is open and communicated with the upper end of the waste liquid collecting bucket;
注：區(qū)分相連接和相連通
90. 專利文獻(xiàn)不用whose, 根據(jù)句子的意思選用of(in, on ) which， 等
91. 分別地， 翻譯為respectively， 而不是separately；
92.所述夾緊裝置的夾體上設(shè)有相連的夾緊部和套合部
錯(cuò)誤：on the gripping body of the gripping device is provided with a connected gripping part and a registration part
正確：the gripping body of the gripping device is provided with a connected gripping part and a sleeving part
●注：不可用介詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)
93.在該扁形通孔內(nèi)穿過(guò)所述的頭帶，在該卡口內(nèi)卡入所述的導(dǎo)管
錯(cuò)誤：the head band drills through the flat through-hole and is clamped in the catheter in the bayonet
正確：the head band is drilled through the flat through-hole which is clamped in the catheter in the bayonet
注：在復(fù)雜句中，要分清楚句子的主語(yǔ)，認(rèn)真確定句子的邏輯關(guān)系。
94.由于將作為光動(dòng)力療法光源的大功率ＬＥＤ設(shè)置在鞋底的空腔中
錯(cuò)誤：Because the light sources of photodynamic therapy of the high-power LEDs are arranged in the empty cavities of the shoe bottoms
正確：Because the high-power LEDs that is taken as the light sources of photodynamic therapy are arranged in the empty cavities of the shoe bottoms
注：搞清楚邏輯關(guān)系
95.有凹模（１）及與凹模（１）相匹配的凸模（２）
錯(cuò)誤：a concave die (1) and a convex die (2) assembled with the concave die (1)
正確：a concave die (1) and a convex die (2) matched with the concave die (1)
96.實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種薄膜貼合機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)改良
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a membrane attaching machine structural improvement
正確：The utility model discloses a structural improvement for membrane adhesive machine
97.提供一種結(jié)構(gòu)合理，冷卻效果好，球磨時(shí)間短，料漿粒度分布范圍合理的球磨機(jī)。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model aims to provide a ball grinder with a reasonable structure, a good cooling effect, a short ball grinding time and a reasonable slurry granularity distributing scope
正確：The utility model aims to provide a ball grinder with reasonable structure, good cooling effect, short ball grinding time and reasonable slurry granularity distributing scope
注：表示特性，特征和優(yōu)點(diǎn)的名詞前，不需要加a。
98. 例如：上層布邊沿對(duì)折后連接有單層布
錯(cuò)誤：the edge of the upper deck of cloth is connecting a single deck of cloth after been folded
正確：the edge of the upper deck of cloth is connected with a single deck of cloth after been folded
注：一般采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
99.一種雷管裝填裝置，包括傳送裝置、第一抗爆間、第二抗爆間、第三抗爆間、第四抗爆間和第五抗爆間。
錯(cuò)誤：A detonator loading device is provided and is comprised of a transmission device, a first explosion-proof room, a second explosion-proof room, a third explosion-proof room, a fourth explosion-proof room, and a fifth explosion-proof room.
正確：A detonator loading device is provided and comprises a transmission device, a first explosion-proof room, a second explosion-proof room, a third explosion-proof room, a fourth explosion-proof room, and a fifth explosion-proof room.
注：包括用comprise時(shí)盡量用主動(dòng)形式，少用被動(dòng)的形式。
100. 第一抗爆間、第二抗爆間、第三抗爆間、第四抗爆間和第五抗爆間依序排列。
錯(cuò)誤：The first explosion-proof room, the second explosion-proof room, the third explosion-proof room, the fourth explosion-proof room and the fifth explosion-proof room are arranged in turn.
正確：The first explosion-proof room, the second explosion-proof room, the third explosion-proof room, the fourth explosion-proof room and the fifth explosion-proof room are arranged in sequence( or sequentially).
101. 它的定子殼（１）兩端外周設(shè)有環(huán)形導(dǎo)風(fēng)通道（２）.
錯(cuò)誤：The stator shell (1) of the utility model has the peripheries at two sides is provided with ring-shaped wind channels (2).
正確：The peripheries of two ends of a stator shell (1) of the utility model are provided with ring-shaped wind channels (2).
102.本實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種高壓清洗機(jī)電機(jī)，包括轉(zhuǎn)子組件、定子組件、外殼、主軸.
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a high-pressure washer motor comprises a rotor component, a stator component, a shell and a principal axis.
正確：The utility model discloses a high-pressure washer motor comprising a rotor component, a stator component, a shell and a principal axis.
103. 其特征在于，該補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板置于該桶體的內(nèi)部，且該補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板的部分頂面連接于鄰近該桶體的內(nèi)腔壁上，并連接于該人孔圈板。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is characterized in that the reinforcing plate is arranged inside the barrel body and a partial of the top surface of the reinforcing plate is connected with the cavity near to the barrel body as well as connected with the manhole girth sheet.
正確：The utility model is characterized in that the reinforcing plate is arranged inside the barrel body and a partial of the top surface of the reinforcing plate is connected with the cavity near to the barrel body as well as the manhole girth sheet.
104. 缸體（３）把右箱體（９）、左箱體（１２）和缸頭（５）連為一體.
錯(cuò)誤：A cylinder body (3) connects a right box body (9), a left box body (12) and a cylinder head (5) into integration.
正確：A right box body (9), a left box body (12) and a cylinder head (5) are connected into a whole by a cylinder body (3).
注:connect 最好是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
105. 在缸頭上方安裝缸蓋（１７）和火花塞（４）
錯(cuò)誤：over the cylinder head is provided with a cylinder cover (17) and a spark plug (4).
正確：a cylinder cover (17) and a spark plug (4) are arranged above the cylinder head.
106. 螺栓的絲桿段旋裝有螺帽，螺帽外側(cè)為圓柱形，螺帽外側(cè)上部開(kāi)有軸向凹槽。
錯(cuò)誤：The screw section of the bolt is screwed with a screw cap whose external side presents a cylinder and whose upper part of the external side is provided with the axial concave through.
正確：The screw section of the bolt is screwed and provided with a screw cap, wherein the external side of the screw cap takes the shape of a cylinder and the upper part of the external side of the screw cap is opened with an axial concave through.
107. 它既可為新授作知識(shí)的鋪墊，又可為授后的知識(shí)加深鞏固.
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can not only be the preparation of the newly granted knowledge and also can be deepened and consolidated for the learned knowledge.
正確：The utility model can not only prepare for the newly taught knowledge and also can deepen and consolidate the learned knowledge.
一、常用句型
本實(shí)用新型涉及A， 尤其是一種，它由B,C,D 組成，其中 B， C， D。 其特征在于 1；2；3。本實(shí)用新型具有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
The utility model relates to a A, in particular to a ， which comprises a B, a C and a D； wherein, the B，and； the C，and; the D。The utility model is characterized in that。 The utility model has the advantages of (that)
注意：其中描述省略號(hào)部分內(nèi)容時(shí)，何種情況用分句，何種情況用名詞性短語(yǔ)，按照最基本的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法來(lái)判斷并正確使用。專利中文文摘中，往往出現(xiàn)很多短小分句，要按照英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的要求和句意進(jìn)行整合，不能既有分句又有名詞性成分簡(jiǎn)單羅列。
A與B連接, A is connected with B 不可用link
A與B連通, A is communicated with B
A 具有(裝有), A is provided with (has)
A安裝（位于）在B上, A is arranged（positioned） on/at 一般不用locate
多用一般現(xiàn)在式，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
二、部分專利翻譯要求
1. 文中不要使用過(guò)多的連詞符。
2. 翻譯中有詞語(yǔ)漏翻，個(gè)別詞語(yǔ)和句子翻譯的不夠準(zhǔn)確，注意專利術(shù)語(yǔ)要使用正確。
3. 同一詞語(yǔ)前后使用表達(dá)要保持一致。
4. 對(duì)于攝氏度的正確表達(dá)方法是DEG C
5. 本實(shí)用新型的技術(shù)方案是:
The technic proposal of the utility model is that
6.具有，帶有 最好has/include, 不用 be with
7. 注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式和介詞的使用.
8. 新型的，可用novel
9. 成一定角度 in a certain angle
如：在０－３０°之間 ranging from 0 DEG to 30 DEG
10. 由...組成/包括不要大量的使用is composed of的結(jié)構(gòu)，盡量使用comprise/consist of的相應(yīng)形式
11. 本實(shí)用新型請(qǐng)求保護(hù)一種汽車零部件盛具防跳結(jié)構(gòu) 實(shí)際是說(shuō)，本實(shí)用新型涉及一種汽車零部件盛具防跳結(jié)構(gòu)。
The utility model relates to an auto part protecting holder adopted anti-jump structure.
12. The utility model is a 改為The utility model relates to/provides/discloses a ；
13. 不要用it, them指代，以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句結(jié)構(gòu)，或者原來(lái)的名稱，來(lái)替代it的使用；
14. 所述，上述均用the，不要用said或 above mentioned；
15. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要根據(jù)前后邏輯，該斷句處斷句，不該斷處不要隨意斷句，正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)代表不同的邏輯關(guān)系。
16. 中文中阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，要在英文中準(zhǔn)確體現(xiàn)。
17. 如果一些專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)不是很確定，可以根據(jù)申請(qǐng)?zhí)?，到專利信息中心的網(wǎng)站，或google網(wǎng)站查詢
18. 專利習(xí)慣用法，多個(gè)，若干： a plurality of; 不可以用certain 或 a number of/ some/ multiple/many/few
19. 避免出現(xiàn)should,shall,will
20. 專利用語(yǔ)不準(zhǔn)確，特別是，尤其涉及一種 更具體地說(shuō)是一種正確的表述是more particularly, in particular to不可用specifically speaking表述
21.與相匹配 用matches with
22.thus + doing
23. ①②③④是非法字符，應(yīng)該分別用(1),(2), (3), (4)來(lái)表示。
24.‘↓’如果出現(xiàn)在化學(xué)符號(hào)中，就不用翻譯，
例如，ＣＨ↓[2]，翻譯成ＣＨ２
如果出現(xiàn)在數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)中，例如 1↓[2] 就翻譯成1<2>，Ａ↓[ｈ]翻譯成Ａ；
如果是上箭頭，則都需要翻譯成<>，例如：2.5×10↑[6] /cm ↑[3] 翻譯成 2.5 multiplied by 10<6>/cm<3>
25. 一些表示形狀的漢字，能查到的就在網(wǎng)上查怎么樣翻譯，如果實(shí)在差不到，也不要把漢字直接粘貼在英文中，這樣會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，可以翻譯成 ... shaped like a Chinese character ''漢字拼音''
26. 翻譯中的標(biāo)號(hào)要中英文完全保持一致，避免漏標(biāo)和錯(cuò)標(biāo)
27. 注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后首字母的大小寫，分號(hào)，逗號(hào)之后的首字母不要大寫；
28.表示標(biāo)號(hào)的數(shù)字后面不能用逗號(hào)，如The utility model has the advantages of that: 1,. 2, 3, 應(yīng)改為1.2.3.
29. 長(zhǎng)句中的多個(gè)短句的定語(yǔ)從句要準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)原文，可以適當(dāng)分成單獨(dú)的句子翻譯，不要都直接用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)使譯文與原意不符;
三、錯(cuò)誤舉例
1. 例如：本實(shí)用新型提供一種漏斗
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with a funnel
正確：The utility model provides a funnel
2. 某些句子采用被動(dòng)形式較好
例如：采用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的包裝盒構(gòu)造，簡(jiǎn)化了包裝步驟及強(qiáng)化了該鎖具相對(duì)該包裝盒構(gòu)造的卡掣可靠度，進(jìn)而提升該包裝盒構(gòu)造的包裝效率及質(zhì)量。
錯(cuò)誤：The packing case structure simplifies the packing steps, enhances the blocking reliability of the packing case, and further promotes the packing efficiency and quality of the packing case.
正確：By adopting the structure of the packing case, the packing steps are simplified, the blocking reliability of the packing case is enhanced, and the packing efficiency and quality of the packing case are further promoted.
3. which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，句子成分要完整
例如：包括箱體和箱蓋，箱體和箱蓋設(shè)有保溫層
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a box body and a box cover which provided with an insulation layer
正確：comprises a box body and a box cover which are respectively provided with an insulation layer
4. 本實(shí)用新型需要解決的技術(shù)問(wèn)題是
錯(cuò)誤：The technological issue of utility model that needs to solve is
正確：The technological issue of utility model to be solved is
5. 該裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，效果顯著。
錯(cuò)誤：The structure of the device is simple and the effect is distinct.
正確：The device has simple structure and remarkable effect.
6. 能夠回收再利用，使用成本低廉。適用于各種礦山行業(yè)安裝使用
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can be reused and the cost is low, which can be used in all mines.
正確：The device can be reused and is suitable for use in all mining industries, with low cost.
備注：從句中的which 與主語(yǔ)不一致
7. 儲(chǔ)料盒后接供料軟管及手持伸縮桿
錯(cuò)誤：the storing box is back connected with a feeding hose and the hand-hold extension arm
正確：the back of the storing box is connected with a feeding hose and the hand-hold extension arm
8. 主謂一致問(wèn)題
例如：所述游人出入大廳通過(guò)游人通道與地宮的第一出入口連通
錯(cuò)誤：The visitor exit and entrance hall is communicated with a first entrance of the underground palace through a visitor passage,
正確：The visitor exit and entrance hall are communicated with a first entrance of the underground palace through a visitor passage,
9.句子成分不完整，缺少謂語(yǔ)
例如：一種雙排彈子空轉(zhuǎn)鎖頭，由殼體、鎖芯、離合芯等構(gòu)成
錯(cuò)誤：A double-row billiards hollow turning locking head which is composed of a shell, a lock cylinder and a clutch core;
正確：A double-row billiards hollow turning locking head is composed of a shell, a lock cylinder and a clutch core;
10.另一端與內(nèi)壁之間有一定間距
錯(cuò)誤：the other end is kept with a certain space between the other end of the baffle plate and the inner wall
正確：a certain space is kept between the other end of the baffle plate and the inner wall
11.語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題主要是介詞詞組不能做主語(yǔ)+is provided with，應(yīng)該是The A is provided with B and C +介詞詞組
⑴例如：在用戶端設(shè)有控氣裝置
錯(cuò)誤：at the user end is provided with a gas control device
正確： the user end is provided with a gas control device
⑵例如：前壁與后壁之間設(shè)置電加熱元件
錯(cuò)誤：Between the front wall and the back wall is provided with the electric heat component
正確：the electric heat component is arranged between the front wall and the back wall
12.處理回收過(guò)程造成的二次污染。
the secondary pollutant resulting in handling the recycling process.
resulting in 改為 caused by
13.造成二次污染等嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題。
produce serious problems such as secondary pollutant.
Produce 應(yīng)改為 cause
14.來(lái)達(dá)到人體最舒適的坐姿和躺姿。
so the patients can have the most comfortable sitting and lying gestures of the body.
the most comfortable sitting and lying gestures of the body can be achieved.
文中沒(méi)提到主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
15.由于改進(jìn)型的鼻全息穴導(dǎo)藥電極解決了現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品罩狀電極使用壽命過(guò)短。
錯(cuò)誤：Because the improved nasal holographic point drug-leading electrode has solved the problems of the short life-span of the cover-shaped electrode of the current products.
正確：As the improved nasal holographic point drug-leading electrode solves the problems of the short service life of the cover-shaped electrode of the current products.
16.符合提升產(chǎn)品經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的有益功效。
錯(cuò)誤：thereby going with the demand for enhancing economic benefits of products.
正確：thereby conforming with the demand for enhancing economic benefits of products.
17.圓盤圓心位于金屬筒軸線中。
the center of the disk is located in the axial line of the metal barrel.
located 不準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)改為positioned
18.還具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、可靠性能好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
The utility model also has the advantages of a simple structure and a high reliability.
應(yīng)把a(bǔ)改為the，或者把a(bǔ)去掉
19.斗式提升機(jī)或刮板機(jī)機(jī)尾位于熄焦水槽底部、機(jī)頭位于焦倉(cāng)上方設(shè)置。
The end of bucket-type lifting machine or the scraping machine is arranged under the quenching flume while their heads are arranged above the coke bin.
their 屬于代詞，指代不清 應(yīng)改為 the head of bucket-type lifting machine or the scraping machine
20. 翻譯時(shí)，不要用its,應(yīng)當(dāng)指出所代表的具體東西。如：
其結(jié)構(gòu)是撬體由兩個(gè)方鋼骨架和四個(gè)方鋼加強(qiáng)筋
Its structure is the skid consisting of two square steel frameworks and four square stiffeners.
改成：The skid waterproof device has the structure of that the skid consists of two square steel frameworks and four square stiffeners.
21. 邏輯不清。在處理此類問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們要抓住句子的主干部分。 例如：
自我穴位點(diǎn)壓按摩器，包括立柱、支撐臂、按摩球，其特征在于分別有垂直桿按摩球的兩個(gè)連件一端共同套在立柱上，垂直于立柱的兩連件另一端分別與兩個(gè)相向彎曲的支撐臂內(nèi)端作軸連接。
Self point percussion massager comprising a standing pole, supporting arms and massage balls is characterized in that（two connecting pieces, vertical to the standing pole, each one of which has a combo of vertical pole and massage ball and is fixed around the standing pole at one end, are pivotally connected to the inside ends of two aspectant curving supporting arms at the other ends.）
（one end of the two connecting pieces of the massage balls of the vertical pole is respectively sleeved on the standing pole together; the other end of the two connecting pieces which is vertical to the standing pole is respectively and pivotally connected with the inner ends of two aspectant curving supporting arms.）
22. The utility model, makes use of 'V' clamps, can not only ensure an easy feeding of materials and realize an accurate positioning but promise the availability of the clamps with the same specification to the materials with different sizes and shapes, thereby endows the clamps a university. （thereby +doing）
改成thereby making the clamps have universality
23.回轉(zhuǎn)銷將回轉(zhuǎn)擺臂總成可轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)地安裝在轉(zhuǎn)軸座總成上
錯(cuò)誤：The swivel-pin fixed rotatablely the assembly of gyroscopic pendulum arm on the assembly shaft seats.
正確：The assembly of gyroscopic pendulum arm is rotatablely arranged on the assembly shaft seats by the swivel-pin.
注：專利翻譯中要嚴(yán)格區(qū)分安裝、設(shè)置、連接、固定，不能一律使用fix
24.水平回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動(dòng)作業(yè)可靠。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is credible in horizontal gyroscopic driving operation.
正確：The utility model is reliable in horizontal gyroscopic driving operation.
25.設(shè)置在軸上的刀具由兩種刀具來(lái)構(gòu)成
錯(cuò)誤：The cutters set on shaft are two types
正確：The cutters arranged on shaft are two types
注：A設(shè)置或安裝，位于在B上，只能用arrange 不能用set
26.包括機(jī)架組件（２）、尾輪組件（８）、乘座組件（９）
錯(cuò)誤：includes chassis component(2) tail-wheel component(8)seat component(9)
正確：includes a chassis component(2), a tail-wheel component(8), a seat component(9)
注：首次提到的名次前應(yīng)該叫不定冠詞a/an，再次提到時(shí)用the
27. 并利用沖入的熱氣體使缸體內(nèi)水流動(dòng)和產(chǎn)生漩渦，實(shí)現(xiàn)按摩功能
錯(cuò)誤：and the invention utilizes surfed hot gas for water flowing and burble in the tub in order for massage function.
正確：and the invention utilizes surfed hot gas for water flowing and burble in the tub so as to realize the function of massage.
28.用以容置傳動(dòng)齒輪組的齒輪傳動(dòng)箱的近圓盤鋸端
錯(cuò)誤：End of a gear transmission box which is used to contain the transmission gear set closing to the disc saw
正確：End of a gear transmission box which is used to contain the transmission gear set close to the disc saw
29.瓶體的頂端安有燈。
錯(cuò)誤：A lamp is equipped in the top end of the vase body.
正確：A lamp is arranged in the top end of the vase body.
30.籠體下端設(shè)有若干支撐架。
錯(cuò)誤：Some support brackets are at the bottom of the cage body.
正確：A plurality of support brackets are arranged at the bottom of the cage body.
31.在回流管上裝有回流馬達(dá)
錯(cuò)誤：The circumfluence motor is installed on the circumfluence pipes
正確：A circumfluence motor is arranged on the circumfluence pipes
32.特點(diǎn)是：
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with the following features:
正確：The utility model is characterized in that
33.二調(diào)整片體另端各設(shè)有勾體與結(jié)合體。
錯(cuò)誤：The other ends of the two trim plates are equipped with clasp and coalition respectively.
正確：The other ends of the two trim plates are provided with clasp and coalition respectively.
34.本實(shí)用新型的目的在于提供
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is aimed at providing
正確：The utility model aims at providing
35.采用移動(dòng)式結(jié)構(gòu)，便于在普通家庭中使用；采用鵝卵石為按摩頭，按摩效果好，美觀大方，具有一定的裝飾效果。
錯(cuò)誤：The movable structure is easy to use in the ordinary households; using the cobblestones as the massage heads, which has the good massage effect, beautiful appearance and certain decorative effects.
正確：By adopting the movable structure, the utility model is easy to use in the ordinary households; by using the cobblestones as the massage heads, the utility model has good massage effect, beautiful appearance and certain decorative effects.
注：翻譯時(shí)，要弄清楚邏輯關(guān)系，找到主語(yǔ)，注意語(yǔ)法。
36.循環(huán)傳導(dǎo)管回流液體，先經(jīng)過(guò)在回流儲(chǔ)藏室混合
錯(cuò)誤：the backflow liquid of the cycle conducting tube shall flow through the backflow storage room and blend
正確：the backflow liquid of the cycle conducting tube flows through the backflow storage room and blend
注：時(shí)態(tài)一般采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，最好不用shall/will。
37.主管上靠近主管頭的一端有氣囊。
錯(cuò)誤：The main tube has a balloon near one end of the main tube head.
正確：One end of the main tube close to the main tube head is provided with an air cell.
38.本實(shí)用新型設(shè)計(jì)有（具有，設(shè)有）氣囊
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model designs the balloon
正確：The utility model is provided with the balloon
注：不能以漢語(yǔ)的思維簡(jiǎn)單羅列單詞，要根據(jù)文章的意思及專利要求組織語(yǔ)句。
39. 例如：患者無(wú)痛苦，操作準(zhǔn)確可靠，膨脹均勻，使用一次性膠套，可杜絕任何疾病傳染等。
錯(cuò)誤：no pain for the patients, accurate and reliable operation, even dilation, while the disposable rubber cover can prevent any disease infection.
正確：The utility model has the advantages of no pain for the patients, accurate and reliable operation, even dilation and preventing any disease infection by using the disposable rubber cover.
注：此錯(cuò)譯句子中，缺少主語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，不統(tǒng)一。
40. 例如：本實(shí)用新型的防滑胎回彈力高，強(qiáng)度大。
錯(cuò)誤：The anti-skid tyre talked about in the utility model enjoys a high resilience and large strength.
正確：The anti-skid tyre of the utility model has the advantages of high resilience and large strength.
41.本實(shí)用新型具有節(jié)能環(huán)保的效果，可對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)尾氣進(jìn)行降噪，并熄滅夾帶在尾氣中的火花。
錯(cuò)誤：Enjoying energy-saving and environment-protecting functions, the utility model may be used to lower the noise produced by the discharge of tail gas of motor and to quench the sparks existing in the tail gas.
正確：The utility model has the functions of energy-saving and environment-protecting, so as to lower the noise produced by the discharge of tail gas of motor and to quench the sparks existing in the tail gas.
42.本實(shí)用新型由二層結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is in possession of a dual-course structure.
正確：The utility model is composed of a dual-course structure.
43.鋼絲固定圈的外側(cè)有制有大斜度的斜形面。
錯(cuò)誤：The outer side of stationary wire cycle of main body of rotating rim is formulated with a inclined place with a large pitch.
正確：The outer side of stationary wire cycle of main body of rotating rim is provided with a inclined place with a large pitch.
44...要解決普通的０＃柴油在天氣寒冷時(shí)無(wú)法使用的問(wèn)題。
錯(cuò)誤：mainly aiming at handling the problem that common diesel oil 0 model cannot be used in chilly weather.
正確：mainly aiming at handling the problem of that common diesel oil 0 model cannot be used in chilly weather.
45.具有警覺(jué)性的手感，外表形狀也比較活潑。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model gives an alert handle. Besides, its shape gives people a vivacious feeling.
正確：The utility model not only has an alert handle but also a vivacious appearance.
注：原譯文意思和語(yǔ)法都基本符合原文，但是要考慮英文的表達(dá)方式改進(jìn)。
46.本實(shí)用新型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于
錯(cuò)誤：The merits of the utility model lie in that
正確：The utility model has the advantages of that
注：要嚴(yán)格使用專利要求中的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)
47.金屬層１和軸２結(jié)合為一體
錯(cuò)誤：The metal layer (1) and the axis (2) are integrate as a whole
正確：The metal layer (1) and the axis (2) are integrated into a whole
48.爐膛與水套間有保溫層，
錯(cuò)誤：Between the hearth and the water jacket is the heat preservation layer
正確： a heat preservation layer is arranged between the hearth and the water jacket, 或者Between the hearth and the water jacket, a heat preservation layer is arranged。
注：不可按照漢語(yǔ)順序簡(jiǎn)單排列句子，要符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法。
49.本實(shí)用新型提供一種The utility model provides, 而不要用The utility model is provided with
例如：本實(shí)用新型提供一種立式礦石對(duì)輥研磨機(jī)。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is provided with a vertical ore twin-roller grinder.
正確：The utility model provides a vertical ore twin-roller grinder.
50. 盡量不要whose指代， 用原名稱即可; 與相對(duì)應(yīng)：be corresponding to
例如：雙螺桿擠出裝置的出料口對(duì)應(yīng)布料裝置的上料端，布料裝置的卸料端對(duì)應(yīng)干燥裝置的上料端
錯(cuò)誤：the material outlet of the twin screw extrusion device is relevant with the loading end of the material distribution device, whose material discharging end is relevant with the loading end of the drying device
正確：the material outlet of the twin screw extrusion device is corresponding to the loading end of the material distribution device, material discharging end of the material distribution device is corresponding to the loading end of the drying device
51. －shaped適合做前置定語(yǔ)，如果是做賓語(yǔ)最好用－type或－shape
例如：所述的支撐架（１）和回形壓塊體（２）連接成Ｔ型
錯(cuò)誤：The support frame (1) is connected with the square- hole pressing block (2) to form a T-shaped
正確：The support frame (1) is connected with the square- hole pressing block (2) to form a T-shape
52. 一種移動(dòng)腳踏式拖把絞干器，主要由框架、把手、水箱、排污閥、鎖定式滾輪、接水槽、擋板、絞干機(jī)構(gòu)和腳踏板組成。
錯(cuò)誤：A mobile pedal type mop water extruder which consists essentially of a frame, handles, a water tank, a wash water valve, locking type idler wheels, a water receiving tank, a baffle, a water extruding mechanism, and a pedal.
正確：A mobile pedal type mop water extruder consists essentially of a frame, handles, a water tank, a wash water valve, locking type idler wheels, a water receiving tank, a baffle, a water extruding mechanism, and a pedal.
注：原錯(cuò)譯句中關(guān)系代詞which時(shí)使句子缺少謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)，翻譯時(shí)要注意句子成分的完整。
53. 句子用詞，并列成分前后詞性要一致。
例如：本實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種適用于自行車使用的，不僅可以提高存車數(shù)量，而且有利于杜絕亂停亂放現(xiàn)象，方便存取的一種自行車車把側(cè)向停放的自行車停車裝置
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a bicycle parking device with the handle sideward placement which is applicable for bicycle and can not only increase the parking numbers but also prevent bicycle disorder parking as well as convenient storing and taking.
正確：The utility model discloses a bicycle parking device with the handle sideward placement which is applicable for bicycle and can not only increase the parking numbers but also prevent bicycle disorder parking as well as facilitate storing and taking.
54.鎖插銷（２）伸出時(shí)插入小插銷帽（４）中
錯(cuò)誤：and the lock bolt (2) will insert into the bolt caps (4) when extending out.
正確：and the lock bolt (2) is inserted into the bolt caps (4) when extending out.
55. 例如： 其結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)是：
錯(cuò)誤：and the structure key points are:
正確：with structure key points of:
56. 首次提到要用冠詞a/an，除非中文原文中明確地說(shuō)了幾個(gè)。
例如：自行車中軸蓋，它由中軸套蓋（１）和大拐頭蓋（２）組成
錯(cuò)誤：The bicycle intermediate shaft cover is composed of an intermediate shaft sleeve cover (1) and a large crutched cover (2).
正確：A bicycle intermediate shaft cover is composed of an intermediate shaft sleeve cover (1) and a large crutched cover (2).
57. 注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)
例如：人們?cè)诔詭な称返臅r(shí)候就會(huì)將瓜子皮等放入包裝袋中，既衛(wèi)生又文明。
錯(cuò)誤：When people are eating the food with shell or nut, the skin or nut like the melon seed shell can be put into the packaging bag, not only meeting the sanitary requirements but also the civilized behavior.
正確：When people are eating the food with shell or nut, the skin or nut like the melon seed shell can be put into the packaging bag, which not only meets the sanitary requirements but also is a the civilized behavior.
58. 使用時(shí)，只需對(duì)各部位進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的組合，并由固定螺栓（１４）穿過(guò)Ｕ形卡及各方管鋼預(yù)留的穿孔后緊固
錯(cuò)誤：When using the utility model, assemble every parts and use the fixing bolt (14) to travel through the U-shaped block and the holes obligated in each square tubes, thus the frame can be fixed easily.
正確：When using the utility model, every parts are assembled and the fixing bolt (14) is used to travel through the U-shaped block and the holes obligated in each square tubes, thus the frame can be fixed easily.
注：不可用動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)，這樣不符合英文習(xí)慣，最好用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替
59. 介詞使用不準(zhǔn)確
例如：上結(jié)晶器１０澆鑄不銹鋼水５
錯(cuò)誤：The upper mould 10 is cast in molten stainless steel 5
正確: The upper mould 10 is cast with molten stainless steel 5
60.注意語(yǔ)法
⑴在砂輪（１）的背面，接近外圓周處設(shè)置若干個(gè)盲孔（２）
錯(cuò)誤：a plurality of blind holes(2) are provided on the back of an grinding wheel (1不能漏) near the edged of the grinding wheel.
正確：a plurality of blind holes(2) are arranged on the back of an grinding wheel (1不能漏) near the outer circle.
⑵用密度較大的物質(zhì)填充盲孔
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can have a heavy matter fill in the blind holes
正確：The utility model uses a denser material to fill the blind holes
⑶使磨漿機(jī)能夠平穩(wěn)地工作，延長(zhǎng)了磨漿機(jī)及砂輪的使用壽命
錯(cuò)誤：so as to make the pulp grinder work smoothly and prolongs the service life of the pulp grinder and the grinding wheel.
正確：so as to make the pulp grinder work smoothly and prolong the service life of the pulp grinder and the grinding wheel.
61. 被安裝于，被設(shè)置于，不可用be equipped on/ be provided on 只能用be arranged / be positioned on
例如：將在面板上設(shè)置的控制信號(hào)反饋給數(shù)據(jù)控制電路
錯(cuò)誤：the control signal which is equipped on the panel is fed back to the data control circuit.
正確：the control signal which is arranged on the panel is fed back to the data control circuit.
62. 注意翻譯時(shí)理解原文的邏輯關(guān)系，意思要與原文符合
例如：包括空心外套、外套一端插入并固定在其內(nèi)的護(hù)手
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a hollow outer bush, a hand protection which is inserted by one end of the outer bushand fixes the outer bush
正確：comprises a hollow outer bush, a hand protection, one end of the outer bush is inserted and fixed in the hand protection
63. 注意詞性
例如：較大推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值
錯(cuò)誤：greater valve of popularize application
正確：greater valve of popularization and application
64. 按照原文的意思，所屬關(guān)系要表述清楚，不能簡(jiǎn)單按漢語(yǔ)順序羅列詞語(yǔ)造句
例如：支桿的下端鉸接在一短桿的中部，下端設(shè)一有中孔的套，
錯(cuò)誤：the lower end of the supporting pole is hinged with the middle part of a short pole. On the lower end （誰(shuí)的？）is arranged with a sleeve with central hole(缺冠詞).
正確：the lower end of the supporting pole is hinged with the middle part of a short pole. The lower end of the short pole is provided with a sleeve with a central hole(缺冠詞).
64. 注意不能漏譯詞語(yǔ)或者單字
例如：金屬?gòu)U邊這一使用價(jià)值較低的材料
錯(cuò)誤：the metal waste side with low value
正確：the metal waste side with low using value
65. 搞清主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)關(guān)系
例如：⑴其右磁系的位置可在磁系箱內(nèi)左右調(diào)整
錯(cuò)誤：the position of the right magnetic sticker can move horizontally from the left to the right
正確：the position of the right magnetic sticker can be adjusted horizontally from left to right
例如：⑵噴孔的上部嵌入Ｕ型槽內(nèi)
錯(cuò)誤：the U-shaped groove is embedded in the upper part of the jet orifice
正確：the upper part of the jet orifice is embedded in the U-shaped groove
66. 本實(shí)用新型是為一種, 此處即使?jié)h語(yǔ)是，也要譯為 The utility model relates to/provides/discloses，不要譯成 The utility model is；
67. 具有不能用enjoy ,應(yīng)該用 be provided with
例如：具多重進(jìn)步性
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model enjoys a plurality of processes.
正確：The utility model is provided with multiple progress
68. 注意連接方式的翻譯，比如卡接（be blocked and connected with），套接 (be sleeved with)，固接 (be fixedly connected with)，鉸接(be articulated with)
例如：所述轉(zhuǎn)軸穿過(guò)隔板并套接于隔板中
錯(cuò)誤：the turning axis is through the clapboard and is connected with the clapboard
正確：the rotor is sleeved with the clapboard through the clapboard
69.濾頭通過(guò)螺紋方式安裝有利于清潔維修濾網(wǎng)
錯(cuò)誤：the filter head is arranged with screw thread method, which is in favor of cleaning and repairing the filtering net
正確：the filter head is arranged by screw thread, which is in favor of cleaning and repairing the filtering net
70.本實(shí)用新型結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，調(diào)節(jié)方便
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is simple in structure and convenient to regulate.
正確：The utility model is simple in structure and convenient for regulating.
71.注意詞性，分清楚名詞和動(dòng)詞的用法; 注意動(dòng)詞的形式，如主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞；注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù);
⑴現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,分詞作定語(yǔ)
例如：掛在預(yù)制樁上的掛架
錯(cuò)誤：a hanging frame hanging on precast pile
正確：a hanging frame hung on precast pile
⑵ 注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
例如：本實(shí)用新型板體的厚度和地?zé)岵鄣脑O(shè)計(jì)適當(dāng)
錯(cuò)誤：the floor body thickness and designing of the geo-thermal chute of the utility model is reasonable
正確：the floor body thickness and designing of the geo-thermal chute of the utility model are reasonable
72. 注意適當(dāng)使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),否則句子結(jié)構(gòu)看起來(lái)比較混亂
例如：汽車停位后，車庫(kù)本體延伸展開(kāi)
錯(cuò)誤：After the vehicle stopped the garage body extended and stretched.
正確：After the vehicle stopped, the garage body extends and stretches.
73. 有些句子結(jié)構(gòu)安排的不合理
例如：按住凸塊可使罩蓋在刀體上沿錐形孔軸線移動(dòng)
錯(cuò)誤：Once presses down the convex block, the cap could move along the axial line of the cone holes
正確：Once pressing down the convex block, the cap can move along the axial line of the cone holes
74. 文中多次出現(xiàn)could，可以用can 代替，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；
例如：可減小筆尖端部磁場(chǎng)的作用范圍
錯(cuò)誤：the magnetic field scope of pen nib could be reduced
正確：the magnetic field scope of pen nib can be reduced
75.由原直接連接改為軟連接
錯(cuò)誤：changes the originally possessed direct connection into the soft connection
正確： replace the originally possessed direct connection by(with) the soft connection
76. which 指代不清楚
例如：所述汽艇船船體底部設(shè)有平衡板，平衡板上設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)
錯(cuò)誤：A balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of a steam boat body, on which a steering system,
正確：A balancing plate is arranged at the bottom of a steam boat body, a steering system is arranged on the balancing plate,
77.注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整,缺少謂語(yǔ)
例如：一種改進(jìn)的魚缸，其缸體由一個(gè)底面和四個(gè)側(cè)面粘接而成
錯(cuò)誤：An improved aquarium whose tank body consists of a bottom surface and four side surfaces which are boned with the bottom surface .
正確：An improved aquarium is provided, a tank body of the aquarium consists of a bottom surface and four side surfaces which are boned with the bottom surface.
78.句子成分，結(jié)構(gòu)上要前后一致
例如：本實(shí)用新型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是制作簡(jiǎn)單、使用方便、易除灰塵、可清空塵積、
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, convenient to be used, easy for dedust, able to remove the accumulated dust
正確：The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, convenient use, easy dedust, cleaning the accumulated dust
79.用電量至少小于臥室空調(diào)用電量的十分之一
錯(cuò)誤：the electrical consumption is smaller than 10% that of the bedroom air conditioner
正確：the electrical consumption is smaller by 10% than that of the bedroom air conditioner
80. 例如：本實(shí)用新型結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，使用范圍廣，應(yīng)用動(dòng)力小，維修方便成本低廉。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is characterized in simple structure, wide ranges of using, small power of application, easy maintenance and low cost.
正確：The utility model has advantages of simple structure, wide ranges of using, small power of application, easy maintenance and low cost.
81.包括座體２、軸承９、迷宮式內(nèi)外密封圈４、３。
錯(cuò)誤：comprises a block 2, a bearing 9 and labyrinth- typed internal and external sealing ring 4 and 3.
正確：comprises a block 2, a bearing 9 and a labyrinth- typed internal and external sealing rings 4 and 3.
注：注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和冠詞的使用。
82.本實(shí)用新型涉及一種大型金屬薄殼體工件焊接轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)吊裝具
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model relates to a large-scale thin metal shell work piece welding rotary hoisting
正確：The utility model relates to a welding rotary hoisting for large-scale thin metal shell work piece
注：對(duì)于關(guān)鍵詞的翻譯避免按照漢語(yǔ)順序?qū)讉€(gè)詞語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單的羅列出來(lái)，要認(rèn)真分析其修飾關(guān)系后，進(jìn)行順序的調(diào)整。
83.在前后押運(yùn)室左右兩側(cè)均設(shè)有防護(hù)門。
錯(cuò)誤：A protective door is respectively arranged on each side of the front and rear escort compartments.
正確： Protective doors are respectively arranged on each side of the front and rear escort compartments.
84. 名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式，不可用復(fù)數(shù)，如中藥渣容器不要譯為Chinese medicine-dregs container；
85. 所屬關(guān)系中部分內(nèi)容前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)，可用thereof 表述以避免重復(fù)，如 通風(fēng)孔上方并延伸遮蔽通風(fēng)孔的遮陽(yáng)板譯文a sunshade plate is arranged above the ventilation holes and extends to cover the ventilation holes可簡(jiǎn)化為a sunshade plate is arranged above the ventilation holes and extends to cover thereof；
86. 認(rèn)真分析文意，分清楚修飾關(guān)系，如 醫(yī)用體位墊，體位墊是一個(gè)完整的名詞，不要譯為a cushion for medical body position；
87. 同一句子中and前后結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)保持一致，如 避免受壓并防治褥瘡譯為avoid being pressed and bedsore，and 后并列的應(yīng)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)；
88.本實(shí)用新型鎖定接骨螺釘涉及的是一種適用于人體骨折固定螺釘，
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model of the locked bone screw relates to a fixing screw
正確：The locked bone screw of the utility model relates to a fixing screw
注：所屬關(guān)系表述不正確。
89.收集器皿的底部開(kāi)口并通過(guò)輸液管與廢液收集桶的上端部相通
錯(cuò)誤：the bottom of the collecting vessel is open and connected with the upper extreme of the waste liquid collecting bucket;
正確：the bottom of the collecting vessel is open and communicated with the upper end of the waste liquid collecting bucket;
注：區(qū)分相連接和相連通
90. 專利文獻(xiàn)不用whose, 根據(jù)句子的意思選用of(in, on ) which， 等
91. 分別地， 翻譯為respectively， 而不是separately；
92.所述夾緊裝置的夾體上設(shè)有相連的夾緊部和套合部
錯(cuò)誤：on the gripping body of the gripping device is provided with a connected gripping part and a registration part
正確：the gripping body of the gripping device is provided with a connected gripping part and a sleeving part
●注：不可用介詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)
93.在該扁形通孔內(nèi)穿過(guò)所述的頭帶，在該卡口內(nèi)卡入所述的導(dǎo)管
錯(cuò)誤：the head band drills through the flat through-hole and is clamped in the catheter in the bayonet
正確：the head band is drilled through the flat through-hole which is clamped in the catheter in the bayonet
注：在復(fù)雜句中，要分清楚句子的主語(yǔ)，認(rèn)真確定句子的邏輯關(guān)系。
94.由于將作為光動(dòng)力療法光源的大功率ＬＥＤ設(shè)置在鞋底的空腔中
錯(cuò)誤：Because the light sources of photodynamic therapy of the high-power LEDs are arranged in the empty cavities of the shoe bottoms
正確：Because the high-power LEDs that is taken as the light sources of photodynamic therapy are arranged in the empty cavities of the shoe bottoms
注：搞清楚邏輯關(guān)系
95.有凹模（１）及與凹模（１）相匹配的凸模（２）
錯(cuò)誤：a concave die (1) and a convex die (2) assembled with the concave die (1)
正確：a concave die (1) and a convex die (2) matched with the concave die (1)
96.實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種薄膜貼合機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)改良
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a membrane attaching machine structural improvement
正確：The utility model discloses a structural improvement for membrane adhesive machine
97.提供一種結(jié)構(gòu)合理，冷卻效果好，球磨時(shí)間短，料漿粒度分布范圍合理的球磨機(jī)。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model aims to provide a ball grinder with a reasonable structure, a good cooling effect, a short ball grinding time and a reasonable slurry granularity distributing scope
正確：The utility model aims to provide a ball grinder with reasonable structure, good cooling effect, short ball grinding time and reasonable slurry granularity distributing scope
注：表示特性，特征和優(yōu)點(diǎn)的名詞前，不需要加a。
98. 例如：上層布邊沿對(duì)折后連接有單層布
錯(cuò)誤：the edge of the upper deck of cloth is connecting a single deck of cloth after been folded
正確：the edge of the upper deck of cloth is connected with a single deck of cloth after been folded
注：一般采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
99.一種雷管裝填裝置，包括傳送裝置、第一抗爆間、第二抗爆間、第三抗爆間、第四抗爆間和第五抗爆間。
錯(cuò)誤：A detonator loading device is provided and is comprised of a transmission device, a first explosion-proof room, a second explosion-proof room, a third explosion-proof room, a fourth explosion-proof room, and a fifth explosion-proof room.
正確：A detonator loading device is provided and comprises a transmission device, a first explosion-proof room, a second explosion-proof room, a third explosion-proof room, a fourth explosion-proof room, and a fifth explosion-proof room.
注：包括用comprise時(shí)盡量用主動(dòng)形式，少用被動(dòng)的形式。
100. 第一抗爆間、第二抗爆間、第三抗爆間、第四抗爆間和第五抗爆間依序排列。
錯(cuò)誤：The first explosion-proof room, the second explosion-proof room, the third explosion-proof room, the fourth explosion-proof room and the fifth explosion-proof room are arranged in turn.
正確：The first explosion-proof room, the second explosion-proof room, the third explosion-proof room, the fourth explosion-proof room and the fifth explosion-proof room are arranged in sequence( or sequentially).
101. 它的定子殼（１）兩端外周設(shè)有環(huán)形導(dǎo)風(fēng)通道（２）.
錯(cuò)誤：The stator shell (1) of the utility model has the peripheries at two sides is provided with ring-shaped wind channels (2).
正確：The peripheries of two ends of a stator shell (1) of the utility model are provided with ring-shaped wind channels (2).
102.本實(shí)用新型公開(kāi)了一種高壓清洗機(jī)電機(jī)，包括轉(zhuǎn)子組件、定子組件、外殼、主軸.
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model discloses a high-pressure washer motor comprises a rotor component, a stator component, a shell and a principal axis.
正確：The utility model discloses a high-pressure washer motor comprising a rotor component, a stator component, a shell and a principal axis.
103. 其特征在于，該補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板置于該桶體的內(nèi)部，且該補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板的部分頂面連接于鄰近該桶體的內(nèi)腔壁上，并連接于該人孔圈板。
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model is characterized in that the reinforcing plate is arranged inside the barrel body and a partial of the top surface of the reinforcing plate is connected with the cavity near to the barrel body as well as connected with the manhole girth sheet.
正確：The utility model is characterized in that the reinforcing plate is arranged inside the barrel body and a partial of the top surface of the reinforcing plate is connected with the cavity near to the barrel body as well as the manhole girth sheet.
104. 缸體（３）把右箱體（９）、左箱體（１２）和缸頭（５）連為一體.
錯(cuò)誤：A cylinder body (3) connects a right box body (9), a left box body (12) and a cylinder head (5) into integration.
正確：A right box body (9), a left box body (12) and a cylinder head (5) are connected into a whole by a cylinder body (3).
注:connect 最好是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
105. 在缸頭上方安裝缸蓋（１７）和火花塞（４）
錯(cuò)誤：over the cylinder head is provided with a cylinder cover (17) and a spark plug (4).
正確：a cylinder cover (17) and a spark plug (4) are arranged above the cylinder head.
106. 螺栓的絲桿段旋裝有螺帽，螺帽外側(cè)為圓柱形，螺帽外側(cè)上部開(kāi)有軸向凹槽。
錯(cuò)誤：The screw section of the bolt is screwed with a screw cap whose external side presents a cylinder and whose upper part of the external side is provided with the axial concave through.
正確：The screw section of the bolt is screwed and provided with a screw cap, wherein the external side of the screw cap takes the shape of a cylinder and the upper part of the external side of the screw cap is opened with an axial concave through.
107. 它既可為新授作知識(shí)的鋪墊，又可為授后的知識(shí)加深鞏固.
錯(cuò)誤：The utility model can not only be the preparation of the newly granted knowledge and also can be deepened and consolidated for the learned knowledge.
正確：The utility model can not only prepare for the newly taught knowledge and also can deepen and consolidate the learned knowledge.
相關(guān)閱讀 Relate
翻譯知識(shí)相關(guān)問(wèn)答
問(wèn)：如果翻譯的稿件只有幾百字，如何收費(fèi)?
答：對(duì)于不足一千字的稿件，目前有兩種收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 1)不足一千字按一千字計(jì)算。 2)對(duì)于身份證、戶口本、駕駛證、營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照、公證材料等特殊稿件按頁(yè)計(jì)費(fèi)。
問(wèn)：請(qǐng)問(wèn)貴司的筆譯范圍？
答：筆譯翻譯又稱人工筆頭翻譯, 既通過(guò)文字形式的翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換, 把源語(yǔ)言翻譯成目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言, 是當(dāng)今全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展, 政治文化交流的主要方式, 筆譯通過(guò)文字展現(xiàn)方式, 使全世界上千種語(yǔ)言能夠互通有無(wú), 每天都有數(shù)以億計(jì)的文字被翻譯或轉(zhuǎn)譯, 筆譯肩負(fù)著世界各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化發(fā)展的重任, 是各國(guó)各民族的文化大使, 我們的筆譯領(lǐng)域涉及十大類專業(yè)領(lǐng)域和五百多種不同的分領(lǐng)域。
問(wèn)：是否可以請(qǐng)高校教師、學(xué)者或?qū)W生翻譯？
答：絕對(duì)不能，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)。許多公司在尋找譯者時(shí)，首先想到的是當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)?；虼髮W(xué)的外語(yǔ)院系。有時(shí)，這種做法對(duì)于供內(nèi)部使用的翻譯可能有效，即，您只想了解文件大意，但對(duì)于正式的公司宣傳材料、手冊(cè)或者合同文檔而言，這樣做卻風(fēng)險(xiǎn)極大。外語(yǔ)教學(xué)需要有特殊的技能，但這些技能卻與翻譯一篇流利、優(yōu)美的文章所需的技能完全不同。讓學(xué)生來(lái)做翻譯看起來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠，但風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高，因?yàn)樗麄兒翢o(wú)實(shí)戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，翻譯出來(lái)的文件基本無(wú)法使用。
問(wèn)：翻譯交稿時(shí)間周期為多長(zhǎng)?
答：翻譯交稿時(shí)間與您的文件大小以及復(fù)雜程度有關(guān)。每個(gè)專業(yè)譯者的正常翻譯速度為3000-4000中文字/天，對(duì)于加急的大型項(xiàng)目，我們將安排多名譯員進(jìn)行翻譯，由項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理將文件拆分成若干文件，分配給不同的譯員進(jìn)行翻譯，翻譯后由項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理進(jìn)行文件的合并，并經(jīng)統(tǒng)一術(shù)語(yǔ)、審校、質(zhì)控、排版等翻譯流程，最終交付給客戶。
問(wèn)：提供一個(gè)網(wǎng)站的網(wǎng)址，能夠給出翻譯報(bào)價(jià)嗎?
答：對(duì)于網(wǎng)站翻譯，如果您能提供網(wǎng)站的FTP，或您從后臺(tái)將整個(gè)網(wǎng)站下載打包給我們，我們可在10分鐘內(nèi)給出精確報(bào)價(jià)。同時(shí)，只要您提供原始網(wǎng)頁(yè)文件，我們會(huì)提供給您格式與原網(wǎng)頁(yè)完全一致的目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言版本，可以直接上線使用，省卻您的改版時(shí)間。
問(wèn)：為什么標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也要算翻譯字?jǐn)?shù)？
答：①根據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T 19363.1-2003 對(duì)翻譯行業(yè)服務(wù)規(guī)范的要求，中文字?jǐn)?shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)是以不計(jì)空格字符數(shù)為計(jì)算單位的。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)算翻譯字?jǐn)?shù)是統(tǒng)一的行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
②標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)在不同的語(yǔ)種中，有不同的表達(dá)方式，例如中文的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)大多是全角的，英文的無(wú)特殊設(shè)置都是半角的，而且如果一句話或一段內(nèi)容夾雜兩種不同的語(yǔ)言，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的規(guī)則就相對(duì)復(fù)雜，對(duì)于翻譯文件來(lái)說(shuō)，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的部分也是很費(fèi)時(shí)。
③另外，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)在句子中對(duì)句子語(yǔ)境等的限制因素，使得標(biāo)點(diǎn)對(duì)句子、對(duì)譯員翻譯判斷等起到一定的要求。所以，該部分也要計(jì)算在內(nèi)。
④可能我們平時(shí)不是很注重標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，其實(shí)在文字表達(dá)中，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的重要不亞于單字單詞，一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可以改變?nèi)湓挼囊馑?，而我們的工作也是做到了這一點(diǎn)，保證每個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的準(zhǔn)確，保證譯文表達(dá)的意思和原文一樣。
問(wèn)：需要與你們公司什么人接洽翻譯業(yè)務(wù)呢？
答：我們公司采取專屬客服服務(wù)模式。為企業(yè)客戶配備專屬客服，一對(duì)一溝通具體翻譯需求，組建專屬譯員團(tuán)隊(duì)。
問(wèn)：為何每家翻譯公司的報(bào)價(jià)不一樣?
答：大家都知道一分價(jià)格一分貨，在翻譯行業(yè)里更為突出，譯員的水平是劃分等級(jí)的。新開(kāi)的翻譯公司或不具備翻譯資質(zhì)的公司為了搶占市場(chǎng)，惡意攪亂，以次充好，低價(jià)吸引客戶。
問(wèn)：為什么數(shù)字、字母也要算翻譯字?jǐn)?shù)？
答：根據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T 19363.1-2003 對(duì)翻譯行業(yè)服務(wù)規(guī)范的要求，中文字?jǐn)?shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)是以不計(jì)空格字符數(shù)為計(jì)算單位的。而數(shù)字、字母也是包含在其中。而對(duì)翻譯公司來(lái)說(shuō)，數(shù)字和字母也要算翻譯字?jǐn)?shù)的原因還包括以下兩個(gè)方面：
首先，我們的收費(fèi)都是根據(jù)國(guó)家頒布的翻譯服務(wù)規(guī)范來(lái)收取翻譯費(fèi)用，對(duì)待收費(fèi)我們都是統(tǒng)一對(duì)待的，其次，數(shù)字和字母也是文章中的一部分，特別是在一些商務(wù)文件中，數(shù)字就是文件的主題，所以也是一樣要收費(fèi)的。
另外，純數(shù)字字母需要核對(duì)、錄入，比翻譯一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)更麻煩，翻譯是大腦里面概念形成的，而純數(shù)字字母是要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)暮藢?duì)、錄入才能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，這將會(huì)花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間，所以我們會(huì)把數(shù)字和字母也算成字?jǐn)?shù)。
但是有一種情況除外，如審計(jì)報(bào)告里面那種數(shù)據(jù)很多而且又不需要我們翻譯可以直接保留的，這部分我們可以不計(jì)算在內(nèi)。
問(wèn)：請(qǐng)問(wèn)貴司每天的翻譯量是多少？
答：我們公司最高翻譯記錄為一天翻譯50萬(wàn)字。原則上我們會(huì)在約定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成，但是時(shí)間和質(zhì)量是成正比的，慢工才能出細(xì)活，我們建議在時(shí)間允許的情況下，盡量給譯員充足的翻譯時(shí)間，以便交付優(yōu)質(zhì)的譯文。
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