1.法規(guī)的題注翻譯的統(tǒng)一

　　法規(guī)的題注是指法規(guī)標題下面標明制定的機關和批準的時間，并用括號括起來的部分。題注是為了表明法律的合法性、有效性及其在整個立法體系中的等級地位。它是法律名稱的補充，是法規(guī)的有機組成部分。

　　原文： 上海市保護消費者權益條例

　　(2002年10月28日上海市第十一屆人民代表大會常務委員會第四十四次會議通過)

　　譯文： Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests

　　(Adopted at the 44th Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress on October 28, 2002)

　　2.規(guī)章的題注翻譯的統(tǒng)一

　　規(guī)章(上海市人民政府規(guī)章)的題注是指規(guī)章標題下面標明發(fā)布的機關和批準的時間，并用括號括起來的部分。其作用與法規(guī)的題注相同，翻譯中出現(xiàn)的問題也大致相同，現(xiàn)將其翻譯的格式和用詞統(tǒng)一如下例：

　　原文： 上海市商品交易市場管理辦法

　　(2002年11月18日上海市人民政府令第127號發(fā)布)

　　譯文： Procedures of Shanghai Municipality on the Administration of Commodity Trading Markets

　　(Promulgated on November 18, 2002 by Decree No. 127 of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government)

　　3. 法規(guī)、規(guī)章中復議和訴訟條款翻譯的統(tǒng)一

　　法規(guī)、規(guī)章中復議和訴訟條款的內(nèi)容大致相同，但譯文卻不盡規(guī)范、統(tǒng)一，現(xiàn)就決定統(tǒng)一如下例，如與原文有不同之處，請參照執(zhí)行：

　　原文： 第三十三條(復議和訴訟)

　　當事人對行政管理部門的具體行政行為不服的，可以依照《中華人民共和國行政復議法》或者《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》的規(guī)定，申請行政復議或者提起行政訴訟。

　　當事人在法定期限內(nèi)不申請行政復議、不提起行政訴訟，又不履行具體行政行為的，作出具體行政行為的部門可以依照《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》的規(guī)定，申請人民法院強制執(zhí)行。

　　譯文： Article 33 (Reconsideration and Lawsuit)

　　The party concerned, if disagrees with the specific administrative act made by an administrative department, may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit according to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Reconsideration or the Administrative Litigation Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　Where the party concerned does not apply for administrative reconsideration, nor brings an administrative lawsuit, nor performs the specific administrative act within the prescribed time period, the department that has made the specific administrative act may apply to the people’s court for enforcement according to the Administrative Litigation Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　中華人民共和國《民法通則》國務院法制局制作的英譯本、澳洲CCH股份有限公司英譯本和美國全美律協(xié)主辦的China Law Reporter雜志英譯本。法制局譯本簡稱LAB、澳洲譯本簡稱CCH、美洲譯本簡稱CLR：

　　原文：中華人民共和國民法通則

　　譯文：GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (LAB)

　　General Principles of Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China (CCH)

　　THE GENERAL RULES OF THE CIVIL CODE OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (CLR)

　　述評：民法通則是中華人民共和國的民法， CLR以之為general rules，LAB和CCH均以之為general principles均不合立法的原意和文字，皆不可取。此外，民法不同于民法典，所以CLR作Civil Code是錯的，而LAB和CCH作Civil Law是對的。

　　為此，建議改譯如下：

　　General Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China

　　原文：一九八六年四月十二日第六屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議通過

　　譯文：Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People’s Congress on April 12, 1986 (LAB)

　　Adopted 12 April 1986 by the 4th Session of the 6th National People’s Congress (CCH)

　　Adopted by the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People’s Congress, April 12, 1986 (CLR)

　　述評：擬改譯如下：

　　Adopted by the Sixth National People’s Congress at its Fourth Session on April 12, 1986

　　原文：第一章 基本原則

　　譯文：Chapter I Basic Principles (LAB)

　　Chapter I Fundamental Principles (CCH)

　　CHAPTER ONE: BASIC PRINCIPLES (CLR)

　　原文：第一條 為了保障公民、法人的合法的民事權益，正確調(diào)整民事關系，適應社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設事業(yè)發(fā)展的需要，根據(jù)憲法和我國實際情況，總結民事活動的實踐經(jīng)驗，制定本法。

　　譯文：Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution and the actual situation of our country, drawing upon our practical experience in civil activities, for the purpose of protecting the lawful civil rights and interests of citizens and legal persons and correctly adjusting civil relations, so as to meet the needs of the developing socialist modernization. (LAB)

　　Article 1. This Law is formulated in order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and legal persons, to correctly regulate civil relations and to meet the requirements of the development of the construction of socialist modernization, in accordance with the Constitution and actual conditions in China and drawing on the practical experience of civil activities. (CCH)

　　Article 1. This Law is promulgated in accordance with the Constitution at present situation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and is drawn from practice in civil acts, to safeguard the legitimate civil rights and interests of citizens, juristic persons and to regulate correctly civil relations to meet the needs of construction and development of socialist modernization. (CLR)

　　建議改譯如下：

　　Drawn from the experience of practices in civil activities, this Law is enacted according to the Constitution and the actualities of the PRC to protect the legal rights and interests of citizens and juristic persons in civil matters, correctly to regulate civil relations so as to cope with the building up of socialist modernization.

　　原文：第二條 中華人民共和國民法調(diào)整平等主體的公民之間、法人之間、公民和法人之間的財產(chǎn)關系和人身關系。

　　譯文：Article 2 The Civil Law of the People's Republic of China shall adjust property relationships and personal relationships between civil subjects with equal status, that is, between citizens, between legal persons and between citizens and legal persons. (LAB)

　　Article 2. The Civil Law of the People's Republic of China regulates, on the basis of equality, the property and personal relationships between citizens, between legal persons and between citizens and legal persons. (CCH)

　　Article 2. The Civil code of the PRC regulates the property and personal relations equally between citizens, between juristic persons and between citizens and juristic persons as subject. (CLR)

　　擬改譯如下：

　　The civil legislation of the PRC regulates the property and the personal relations between citizens, between juristic persons, and between citizens and juristic persons- all as equal subjects in civil matters.

　　原文：第三條 當事人在民事活動中的地位平等。

　　譯文：Article 3. Parties to a civil activity shall have equal status. (LAB)

　　Article 3. Parties concerned shall enjoy equality of position in their civil activities. (CCH)

　　Article 3.The status of parties to civil acts shall be equal. (CLR)

　　述評：改譯如下：

　　Parties are equal in a civil activity.

　　原文：第四條 民事活動應當遵循自愿、公平、等價有償、誠實信用的原則。

　　譯文：Article 4. In civil activities, the principles of voluntariness, fairness, making compensation for equal value, honesty and credibility shall be observed. (LAB)

　　Article 4. Civil activities shall respect the principles of voluntary participation, equity, compensation at equal value and honesty and trustworthiness. (CCH)

　　Article 4. Civil acts shall conform to the principles of voluntariness, fairness, compensation for equal value and good faith. (CLR)

　　述評：改譯如下：

　　Civil activities are subject to the principles of voluntariness, fairness, quid pro quo, and full-faith-and-credit. (LAB)

　　原文：第五條 公民、法人的合法的民事權益受法律保護，任何組織和個人不得侵犯。

　　譯文：Article 5. The lawful civil rights and interests of citizens and legal persons shall be protected by law; no organization or individual may infringe upon them. (LAB)

　　Article 5 The legitimate rights and interests of citizens and legal persons are protected by law and may not be violated by any organization or individual. (CCH)

　　Article 5 The legitimate civil rights and interests of citizens and juristic persons are protected by law, and no organization or individual may encroach upon them. (CLR)

　　述評：建議改譯如下：

　　The Legal rights and interests of citizens and juristic person in civil matters are protected by the law, not to be interfered with by any organization or individual.

　　原文：第六條 民事活動必須遵守法律，法律沒有規(guī)定的，應當遵守國家政策。

　　譯文：Article 6. Civil activities must be in compliance with the law; where there are no relevant provisions in the law, they shall be in compliance with state policies. (LAB)

　　Article 6 Civil activities must respect the law. Where the law has no provisions with regard to civil activities, they shall respect State policies. (CCH)

　　Article 6 Civil acts must be in accord with the law. Where there is no rule under the law, State policy must be obeyed. (CLR)

　　述評：建議改譯如下：

　　Civil activities must respect the law or, where the law is silent, the State policies.

　　原文：第七條 民事活動應當尊重社會公德，不得損害社會公共利益，破壞國家經(jīng)濟計劃，擾亂社會經(jīng)濟秩序。

　　譯文：Article 7 Civil activities shall have respect for social ethics and shall not harm the public interest, undermine state economic plans or disrupt social economic order. (LAB)

　　Article 7. Civil activities shall respect social moral principles and shall not harm the common interest of society, damage State economic plans or disrupt social economic order. (CCH)

　　Article 7. Civil acts should respect for social morality and must not harm the public interest, undermine the State economic plans nor disrupt the economic order of society. (CLR)

　　述評：建議改譯如下：

　　Civil activities are to respect social mores but not to harm the public interest, undermine the State economic planning, or disrupt the social economic order.

　　原文：第八條 在中華人民共和國領域內(nèi)的民事活動，適用中華人民共和國法律，法律另有規(guī)定的除外。

　　本法關于公民的規(guī)定，適用于在中華人民共和國領域內(nèi)的外國人、無國籍人，法律另有規(guī)定的除外。

　　譯文：Article 8 The law of the People's Republic of China shall apply to civil activities within the People's Republic of China, except as otherwise stipulated by law.

　　The stipulations of this Law as regards citizens shall apply to foreigners and stateless persons within the People's Republic of China, except as otherwise stipulated by law. (LAB)

　　Article 8. Unless otherwise stipulated by law, the laws of the People's Republic of China shall apply to civil activities carried out within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

　　Unless otherwise stipulated by law, the provisions of this Law with regards to citizens apply to foreign nationals and stateless persons within the territory of the People's Republic of China. (CCH)

　　Article 8. Except as otherwise provided by law, civil acts within the territory of the PRC are subject to the law of the PRC.

　　Except as otherwise provided by law, the provisions of this Law applicable to citizens shall apply to foreign persons and stateless persons in the territory of the PRC. (CLR)

　　述評：建議改譯如下：

　　The PRC law applies to civil activities in the PRC unless otherwise provided.

　　Provisions of this law concerning citizens also apply to aliens and stateless persons unless otherwise provided.