口譯筆記速記符號(hào)歸總

　　1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:

　　Abbreviations in Note taking

　　Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to

　　introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.

　　Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.

　　S = sum

　　f = frequency

　　Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.

　　cf = compare

　　e.g. = example

　　dept = department

　　Use only the first syllable of a word.

　　pol = politics

　　dem = democracy

　　lib = liberal

　　cap = capitalism

　　Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.

　　pres = presentation

　　subj = subject

　　ind = individual

　　cons = conservative

　　Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.

　　assoc = associate

　　biol = biology

　　info = information

　　ach = achievement

　　chem = chemistry

　　max = maximum

　　intro = introduction

　　conc = concentration

　　min = minimum

　　rep = repetition

　　Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.

　　ppd = prepared

　　prblm = problem

　　estmt = estimate

　　bkgd = background

　　gvt = government

　　Use an apostrophe in place of letters.

　　am't = amount

　　cont'd = continued

　　gov't = government

　　educat'l = educational

　　Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.

　　chpts = chapters

　　egs = examples

　　fs = frequencies

　　intros = introductions

　　Use g to represent ing endings.

　　ckg = checking

　　estg = establishing

　　decrg = decreasing

　　exptg = experimenting

　　Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.

　　Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.

　　Leave out unimportant words.

　　Leave out the words a and the.

　　If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the

　　term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS

　　thereafter.

　　Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.

　　& = and

　　w/ = with

　　w/o = without

　　vs = against

　　\ = therefore

　　= = is or equal

　　Use technical symbols where applicable.

　　zb = German, for example

　　ibid = Latin, the same work

　　o = degrees

　　H2O = water

　　More reference:

　　Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:

　　+ plus

　　// parallel

　　Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:

　　eg example

　　IT dept Information Technology department

　　UK United Kingdom

　　Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples:

　　mar marketing

　　cus customer

　　cli client

　　Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:

　　subj subject

　　budg budget

　　ind individual

　　To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an

　　apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:

　　tech'gy technology

　　gen'ion generalisation

　　del'y delivery

　　Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:

　　assoc associated

　　ach achievement

　　info information

　　Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a

　　recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:

　　bkgd background

　　mvmt movement

　　prblm problem

　　Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:

　　custs customers

　　fs frequencies

　　/s ratios

　　Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:

　　decrg decreasing

　　ckg checking

　　estblg establishing

　　Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:

　　in

　　but

　　as

　　key

　　Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:

　　is

　　was

　　were

　　Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:

　　a

　　an

　　the

　　If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be

　　substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:

　　January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB

　　Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:

　　@ at

　　2 to

　　4 for

　　& and

　　w/ with

　　w/o without

　　vs against

　　Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of

　　symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.

　　Other Symbols and Abbreviations

　　as a result of / consequences of <--->

　　resulting in --->

　　and / also +

　　equal to / same as =

　　following ff

　　most importantly *

　　less than <

　　greater than > especially esp/

　　一、 縮略詞

　　英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中縮略詞使用的頻率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很顯然如果

　　能熟練掌握縮略詞，會(huì)對(duì)考試大有裨益。

　　縮略詞的寫法一般為四種方式：

　　F 拿掉所有元音

　　MKT: market

　　MGR: manager

　　MSG: message

　　STD: standard

　　RCV: receive

　　F 保留前幾個(gè)字母

　　INFO information

　　INS insurance

　　EXCH exchange

　　I owe you IOU

　　In stead of I/O

　　F 保留開頭和結(jié)尾個(gè)發(fā)音字母

　　WK week

　　RM room

　　PL people

　　F 根據(jù)發(fā)音

　　R are

　　THO though

　　THRU through