Article X: Publication and Administration of Trade Regulations

　　第十條 貿(mào)易條例的公布和實施

　　1. Laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application, made effective by any contracting party, pertaining to the classification or the valuation of products for customs purposes, or to rates of duty, taxes or other charges, or to requirements, restrictions or prohibitions on imports or exports or on the transfer of payments therefor, or affecting their sale, distribution, transportation, insurance, warehousing inspection, exhibition, processing, mixing or other use, shall be published promptly in such a manner as to enable governments and traders to become acquainted with them. Agreements affecting international trade policy which are in force between the government or a governmental agency of any contracting party and the government or governmental agency of any other contracting party shall also be published. The provisions of this paragraph shall not require any contracting party to disclose confidential information which would impede law enforcement or otherwise be contrary to the public interest or would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of particular enterprises, public or private.

　　1.締約國有效實施的關(guān)于海外對產(chǎn)品的分類或估價，關(guān)于稅捐或其他費用的征收率,關(guān)于對進出口貨物及其支付轉(zhuǎn)帳的規(guī)定、限制和禁止，以及關(guān)于影響進出口貨物的銷售、分配、運輸、保險、存?zhèn)}、檢驗、展覽、加工、混合或使用的法令、條例與一般援用的司法判決及行政決定，都應(yīng)迅速公布，以使各國政府及貿(mào)易商對它們熟習(xí)。一締約國政府或政府機構(gòu)與另一締約國政府或政府機構(gòu)之間締結(jié)的影響國際貿(mào)易政策的現(xiàn)行規(guī)定，也必須公布。但本款的規(guī)定并不要求締約國公開那些會妨礙法令的貫徹執(zhí)行、會違反公共利益、或會損害某一公私企業(yè)的正當(dāng)商業(yè)利益的機密資料。

　　2. No measure of general application taken by any contracting party effecting an advance in a rate of duty or other charge on imports under an established and uniform practice, or imposing a new or more burdensome requirement, restriction or prohibition on imports, or on the transfer of payments therefor, shall be enforced before such measure has been officially published.

　　2.締約國采取的按既定統(tǒng)一辦法提高進口貨物關(guān)稅或其他費用的征收率，或者對進口貨物及其支付轉(zhuǎn)讓實施新的或更嚴(yán)的規(guī)定，限制或禁止的普遍的適用的措施，非經(jīng)正式公布,不得實施。

　　3. (a) Each contracting party shall administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations, decisions and rulings of the kind described in paragraph 1 of this Article.

　　(b) Each contracting party shall maintain, or institute as soon as practicable, judicial, arbitral or administrative tribunals or procedures for the purpose, inter alia, of the prompt review and correction of administrative action relating to customs matters. Such tribunals or procedures shall be independent of the agencies entrusted with administrative enforcement and their decisions shall be implemented by, and shall govern the practice of, such agencies unless an appeal is lodged with a court or tribunal of superior jurisdiction within the time prescribed for appeals to be lodged by importers; Provided that the central administration of such agency may take steps to obtain a review of the matter in another proceeding if there is good cause to believe that the decision is inconsistent with established principles of law or the actual facts.

　　3.(甲)締約各國應(yīng)以統(tǒng)一、公正和合理的方式實施本條第一款所述的法令、條例、判決和決定。

　　(乙)為了能夠特別對于有關(guān)海關(guān)事項的行政行為迅速進行檢查和糾正，締約各國應(yīng)維持或盡快建立司法的、仲裁的或行政的法庭或程序。這種法庭或程序應(yīng)獨立于負(fù)責(zé)行政實施的機構(gòu)之外，而它們的決定，除進口商于規(guī)定上訴期間向上級法院或法庭提出申訴以外，應(yīng)由這些機構(gòu)予以執(zhí)行，并作為今后實施的準(zhǔn)則;但是，如這些機構(gòu)的中央主管機關(guān)有充分理由認(rèn)為它們的決定與法律的既定原則有抵觸或與事實不符，它可以采取步驟使這個問題經(jīng)由另一程序加以檢查。

　　(c) The provisions of subparagraph (b) of this paragraph shall not require the elimination or substitution of procedures in force in the territory of a contracting party on the date of this Agreement which in fact provide for an objective and impartial review of administrative action even though such procedures are not fully or formally independent of the agencies entrusted with administrative enforcement. Any contracting party employing such procedures shall, upon request, furnish the CONTRACTING PARTIES with full information thereon in order that they may determine whether such procedures conform to the requirements of this subparagraph.

　　(丙)如于本協(xié)定簽訂之日在締約國領(lǐng)土內(nèi)實施的事實上能夠?qū)π姓袨樘峁┛陀^公正的檢查，即使這個程序不是全部或正式地獨立于負(fù)責(zé)行政實施的機構(gòu)以外，本款(乙)項的規(guī)定，并不要求取消它或替換它。實施這種程序的締約國如被請求，應(yīng)向締約國全體提供有關(guān)這種程序的詳盡資料，以便締約國全體決定這種程序是否符合本項規(guī)定的要求。

　　Article XI: General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions 第十一條 數(shù)量限制的一般取消

　　1. No prohibitions or restrictions other than duties, taxes or other charges, whether made effective through quotas, import or export licences or other measures, shall be instituted or maintained by any contracting party on the importation of any product of the territory of any other contracting party or on the exportation or sale for export of any product destined for the territory of any other contracting party.

　　1.任何締約國除征收稅捐或其他費用以外，不得設(shè)立或維持配額、進出口許可證或其他措施以限制或禁止其他締約國領(lǐng)土的產(chǎn)品的輸入，或向其他締約國領(lǐng)土輸出或銷售出口產(chǎn)品。

　　2. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not extend to the following:

　　(a) Export prohibitions or restrictions temporarily applied to prevent or relieve critical shortages of foodstuffs or other products essential to the exporting contracting party;

　　(b) Import and export prohibitions or restrictions necessary to the application of standards or regulations for the classification, grading or marketing of commodities in international trade;

　　2.本條第一款的規(guī)定不適用于：

　　(甲)為防止或緩和輸出締約國的糧食或其他必需品的嚴(yán)重缺乏而臨時實施的禁止出口或限制出口;

　　(乙)為實施國際貿(mào)易上商品分類、分級和銷售的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及條例，而必需實施的禁止進出口或限制出口;

　　(c) Import restrictions on any agricultural or fisheries product, imported in any form,necessary to the enforcement of governmental measures which operate:

　　(i) to restrict the quantities of the like domestic product permitted to be marketed or produced, or, if there is no substantial domestic production of the like product, of a domestic product for which the imported product can be directly substituted; or

　　(ii) to remove a temporary surplus of the like domestic product, or, if there is no substantial domestic production of the like product, of a domestic product for which the imported product can be directly substituted, by making the surplus available to certain groups of domestic consumers free of charge or at prices below the current market level; or

　　(丙)對任何形式的農(nóng)漁產(chǎn)品有必要實施的進口限制，如果這種限制是為了貫徹：

　　(1)限制相同國產(chǎn)品允許生產(chǎn)或銷售的數(shù)量，或者，相同國產(chǎn)品若是產(chǎn)量不大，限制能直接代替進口產(chǎn)品的國產(chǎn)品的允許生產(chǎn)或銷售數(shù)量的政府措施;或

　　(2)通過采用免費或低于現(xiàn)行市場價格的辦法，將剩余品供國內(nèi)某些階層消費以消除相同國產(chǎn)品的暫時過剩，或者，相同國產(chǎn)品若是產(chǎn)量不大，以消除能直接代替進口產(chǎn)品的國產(chǎn)品的暫時過剩的政府措施;或

　　(iii) to restrict the quantities permitted to be produced of any animal product the production of which is directly dependent, wholly or mainly, on the imported commodity, if the domestic production of that commodity is relatively negligible.

　　Any contracting party applying restrictions on the importation of any product pursuant to subparagraph (c) of this paragraph shall give public notice of the total quantity or value of the product permitted to be imported during a specified future period and of any change in such quantity or value. Moreover, any restrictions applied under (i) above shall not be such as will reduce the total of imports relative to the total of domestic production, as compared with the proportion which might reasonably be expected to rule between the two in the absence of restrictions. In determining this proportion, the contracting party shall pay due regard to the proportion prevailing during a previous representative period and to any special factorswhich may have affected or may be affecting the trade in the product concerned.

　　(3)限制生產(chǎn)系全部或主要地直接依賴于進口而國內(nèi)產(chǎn)量相對有限的動物產(chǎn)品允許生產(chǎn)的數(shù)量的政府措施。

　　締約國按照本款(丙)項對某項產(chǎn)品實施進口限制時，應(yīng)公布今后指定時期內(nèi)準(zhǔn)予進口的產(chǎn)品的全部數(shù)量或價值以及可能的變動。同時，根據(jù)上述(1)項而實施的限制，不應(yīng)使產(chǎn)品的進口總量與其國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總量間的比例，低于若不執(zhí)行限制可以合理預(yù)期達到的比例。締約國在確定這個比例時，對前一有代表性的時期的比例以及可能曾經(jīng)影響或正在影響這個產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易的任何特殊因素，均應(yīng)給予適當(dāng)?shù)目紤]。

　　Article XII: Restrictions to Safeguard the Balance of Payments

　　第十二條 為保障國際收支而實施的限制

　　1. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article XI, any contracting party, in order to safeguard its external financial position and its balance of payments, may restrict the quantity or value of merchandise permitted to be imported, subject to the provisions of the following paragraphs of this Article.

　　1.雖有本協(xié)定第十一條第一款的規(guī)定，任何締約國為了保障其對外金融地位和國際收支，可以限制準(zhǔn)許進口的商品數(shù)量或價值，但須遵守本條下述各款的規(guī)定。

　　2. (a) Import restrictions instituted, maintained or intensified by a contracting party under this Article shall not exceed those necessary:

　　(i) to forestall the imminent threat of, or to stop, a serious decline in its monetary reserves; or

　　(ii) in the case of a contracting party with very low monetary reserves, to achieve a reasonable rate of increase in its reserves.

　　Due regard shall be paid in either case to any special factors which may be affecting the reserves of such contracting party or its need for reserves, including, where special external credits or other resources are available to it, the need to provide for the appropriate use of such credits or resources.

　　2.(甲)一締約國根據(jù)本條規(guī)定而建立、維持或加強的進口限制，不得超過：

　　(1)為了預(yù)防貨幣儲備嚴(yán)重下降的迫切威脅或制止貨幣儲備嚴(yán)重下降所必須的程度;或

　　(2)對貨幣儲備很低的締約國，為了使儲備合理增長所必需的程度。

　　在以上兩種情況下，對可能正在影響這一締約國儲備或其對儲備的需要的任何特殊因素，包括在能夠得到特別國外信貸或其他資源的情況下，安排適當(dāng)使用這種信貸或資源的需要，都應(yīng)加以適當(dāng)考慮。

　　(b) Contracting parties applying restrictions under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph shall progressively relax them as such conditions improve, maintaining them only to the extent that the conditions specified in that sub-paragraph still justify their application. They shall eliminate the restrictions when conditions would no longer justify their institution or maintenance under that subparagraph.

　　(乙)締約各國根據(jù)本款(甲)項實施的限制，在情況改善時應(yīng)逐步予以放寬，只維持根據(jù)(甲)項所列情況認(rèn)為仍有必要實施的為限。如情況改變，已無必要建立或維持根據(jù)( 甲)項實施的限制，就應(yīng)立即予以取消。

　　3. (a) Contracting parties undertake, in carrying out their domestic policies, to pay due regard to the need for maintaining or restoring equilibrium in their balance of payments on a sound and lasting basis and to the desirability of avoiding an uneconomic employment of productive resources. They recognize that, in order to achieve these ends, it is desirable so far as possible to adopt measures which expand rather than contract international trade.

　　(b) Contracting parties applying restrictions under this Article may determine the incidence of the restrictions on imports of different products or classes of products in such a way as to give priority to the importation of those products which are more essential.

　　3.(甲)締約各國在執(zhí)行國內(nèi)政策時承擔(dān)義務(wù)：對維持或恢復(fù)各自的國際收支平衡于健全持久的基礎(chǔ)上的必要和避免生產(chǎn)資源的非經(jīng)濟使用的好處，予以適當(dāng)注意。締約各國認(rèn)為：要實現(xiàn)上述目標(biāo)，最好盡可能采取措施擴大而不是縮小國際貿(mào)易。

　　(乙)按本條規(guī)定實施限制的締約各國，可以對不同進口產(chǎn)品或進口產(chǎn)品的不同類別確定不同程度的限制，使比較必需的產(chǎn)品能夠優(yōu)先進口。

　　(c) Contracting parties applying restrictions under this Article undertake:

　　(i) to avoid unnecessary damage to the commercial or economic interests of any other contracting party;

　　(ii) not to apply restrictions so as to prevent unreasonably the importation of any description of goods in minimum commercial quantities the exclusion of which would impair regular channels of trade; and

　　(iii) not to apply restrictions which would prevent the importations of commercial samples or prevent compliance with patent, trade mark, copyright, or similar procedures.

　　(丙)按本條實施限制的締約各國，承擔(dān)下列義務(wù)：

　　(1)對任何其他締約國的貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟利益，避免造成不必要的損害;

　　(2)實施的限制不無理地阻礙任何完全禁止其輸入即會損害正常貿(mào)易渠道的那種最低貿(mào)易數(shù)量的輸入;

　　(3)實施的限制不阻礙商業(yè)貨樣的輸入或阻礙專利權(quán)、商標(biāo)、版權(quán)或類似程序的遵守 。

　　(d) The contracting parties recognize that, as a result of domestic policies directed towards the achievement and maintenance of full and productive employment or towards the development of economic resources, a contracting party may experience a high level of demand for imports involving a threat to its monetary reserves of the sort referred to in paragraph 2 (a) of this Article. Accordingly, a contracting party otherwise complying with the provisions of this Article shall not be required to withdraw or modify restrictions on the ground that a change in those policies would render unnecessary restrictions which it is applying under this Article.

　　(丁)締約各國認(rèn)為，由于實施某種旨在達到和維持有生產(chǎn)效率的充分就業(yè)和旨在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟資源的國內(nèi)政策，一締約國可能出現(xiàn)高度的進口需求，造成本條第二款(甲)項所述的那種對貨幣儲備的威脅。因此，對一個在其他方面都執(zhí)行本條規(guī)定的締約國，不得以它的政策的改變使其根據(jù)立法實施的限制成為不必要為理由，而要求它撤銷或修改它根據(jù)本條實施的限制。

　　4. (a) Any contracting party applying new restrictions or raising the general level of its existing restrictions by a substantial intensification of the measures applied under this Article shall immediately after instituting or intensifying such restrictions (or, in circumstances in which prior consultation is practicable, before doing so) consult with the CONTRACTING PARTIES as to the nature of its balance of payments difficulties, alternative corrective measures which may be available, and the possible effect of the restrictions on the economies of other contracting parties.

　　4.(甲)建立新的限制或大幅度加強按本條實施的措施因而提高現(xiàn)行限制一般水平的任何締約國，應(yīng)在建立或加強限制后(如能事前協(xié)商，則應(yīng)于建立或加強前)，立即與締約國全體就自己國際收支困難的性質(zhì)，可能采取的其他補救辦法以及這些限制對其他締約國的經(jīng)濟可能造成的影響，進行協(xié)商。

　　(b) On a date to be determined by them,the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review all restrictions still applied under this Article on that date. Beginning one year after that date, contracting parties applying import restrictions under this Article shall enter into consultations of the type provided for in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph with the CONTRACTING PARTIES annually.

　　(乙)締約國全體應(yīng)在其確定的某一日期，檢查在那一日期按本條規(guī)定仍在實施的一切限制。從那一日期后一年開始，凡根據(jù)本條規(guī)定實施進口限制的締約各國，應(yīng)每年同締約國全體進行本款(甲)項所規(guī)定的那種協(xié)商。

　　(c) (i) If, in the course of consultations with a contracting party under subparagraph (a) or (b) above, the CONTRACTING PARTIES find that the restrictions are not consistent with provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV), they shall indicate the nature of the inconsistency and may advise that the restrictions be suitably modified.

　　(丙)(1)締約國全體在根據(jù)上述(甲)項或(乙)項規(guī)定同一締約國進行協(xié)商的過程中，如判定實施的限制與本條或本協(xié)定第十三條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，它們應(yīng)指出不符的性質(zhì)，并可建議對限制作適當(dāng)?shù)男薷摹?/span>

　　(ii) If, however, as a result of the consultations, the CONTRACTING PARTIES determine that the restrictions are being applied in a manner involving an inconsistency of a serious nature with the provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that damage to the trade of any contracting party is caused or threatened thereby, they shall so inform the contracting party applying the restrictions and shall make appropriate recommendations for securing conformity with such provisions within the specified period of time. If such contracting party does not comply with these recommendations within the specified period, the CONTRACTING PARTIES may release any contracting party the trade of which is adversely affected by the restrictions from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances.

　　(2)但是，如締約國全體經(jīng)協(xié)商后認(rèn)為，正在實施的限制嚴(yán)重地與本條或與本協(xié)定第十三條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，認(rèn)為它對另一締約國的貿(mào)易造成損害或構(gòu)成威脅，它們應(yīng)將這一情況通知實施限制的締約國，并應(yīng)提出旨在使規(guī)定在一定限期內(nèi)得到遵守的適當(dāng)建議。如實施限制的締約國在規(guī)定期限內(nèi)不執(zhí)行這些建議，締約國全體在認(rèn)為必要時，可以解除貿(mào)易受到不利影響的那個締約國根據(jù)本協(xié)定對實施限制的締約國所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。

　　(d) The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall invite any contracting party which is applying restrictions under this Article to enter into consultations with them at the request of any contracting party which can establish a prima facie case that the restrictions are inconsistent with the provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that its trade is adversely affected thereby. However, no such invitation shall be issued unless the CONTRACTING PARTIES have ascertained that direct discussions between the contracting parties concerned have not been successful. If, as a result of the consultations with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, no agreement is reached and they determine that the restrictions are being applied inconsistently with such provisions, and that damage to the trade of the contracting party initiating the procedure is caused or threatened thereby, they shall recommend the withdrawal or modification of the restrictions. If the restrictions are not withdrawn or modified within such time as the CONTRACTING PARTIES may prescribe, they may release the contracting party initiating the procedure from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances.

　　(丁)如一締約國有理由認(rèn)為另一締約國按本條實施的限制與本條或本協(xié)定第十三條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，并認(rèn)為因此它的貿(mào)易受到不利的影響，經(jīng)這一締約國提出要求，締約國全體應(yīng)邀請實施限制的締約國與其進行協(xié)商。締約國全體應(yīng)先查明，在這兩個締約國之間進行了直接討論，未達成協(xié)議，才能發(fā)出這樣的邀請。經(jīng)與締約國全體協(xié)商如果仍不能達成協(xié)議，而締約國全體又認(rèn)為正在實施與上述規(guī)定不符的限制，因而對提出這一程序的那個締約國的貿(mào)易造成損害或構(gòu)成威脅，則締約國全體應(yīng)建議撤銷或修改這項限制。如在締約國全體規(guī)定的限期內(nèi)，并未撤銷或修改這項限制，締約國全體如果認(rèn)為必要， 可以解除提出這一程序的那個締約國根據(jù)本協(xié)定所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。

　　(e) In proceeding under this paragraph, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall have due regard to any special external factors adversely affecting the export trade of the contracting party applying the restrictions.

　　(f) Determinations under this paragraph shall be rendered expeditiously and, if possible, within sixty days of the initiation of the consultations.

　　(戊)按本款規(guī)定辦理時，締約國全體應(yīng)適當(dāng)注意影響實施限制的締約國的出口貿(mào)易的任何不利的外部特別因素。

　　(己)本款的決定，應(yīng)盡快實施，如果可能，應(yīng)在開始協(xié)商后60天內(nèi)實施。

　　5. If there is a persistent and widespread application of import restrictions under this Article, indicating the existence of a general disequilibrium which is restricting international trade, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall initiate discussions to consider whether other measures might be taken, either by those contracting parties the balance of payments of which are under pressure or by those the balance of payments of which are tending to be exceptionally favourable, or by any appropriate intergovernmental organization, to remove the underlying causes of the disequilibrium. On the invitation of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, contracting parties shall participate in such discussions.

　　5.如果須持久而廣泛地維持按本條實施的進口限制，表明存在著普遍的不平衡限制著國際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，則締約國全體應(yīng)召開會議來討論是否可由國際收支遭受壓力的締約國，或由國際收支趨向非常有利的締約國，或由適當(dāng)?shù)膰H機構(gòu)，采取其他辦法以清除造成不平衡的內(nèi)在因素。如締約國全體發(fā)出這種邀請，締約各國應(yīng)參加這種討論。

　　Article XIII: Non-discriminatory Administration of Quantitative Restrictions

　　第十三條 非歧視地實施數(shù)量限制

　　1. No prohibition or restriction shall be applied by any contracting party on the importation of any product of the territory of any other contracting party or on the exportation of any product destined for the territory of any other contracting party, unless the importation of the like product of all third countries or the exportation of the like product to all third countries is similarly prohibited or restricted.

　　1.除非對所有第三國的相同產(chǎn)品的輸入或?qū)ο嗤a(chǎn)品向所有第三國的輸出同樣予以禁止或限制以外，任何締約國不得限制或禁止另一締約國領(lǐng)土的產(chǎn)品的輸入，也不得禁止或限制產(chǎn)品向另一締約國領(lǐng)土輸出。

　　2. In applying import restrictions to any product, contracting parties shall aim at a distribution of trade in such product approaching as closely as possible the shares which the various contracting parties might be expected to obtain in the absence of such restrictions and to this end shall observe the following provisions:

　　(a) Wherever practicable, quotas representing the total amount of permitted imports (whether allocated among supplying countries or not) shall be fixed, and notice given of their amount in accordance with paragraph 3 (b) of this Article;

　　(b) In cases in which quotas are not practicable, the restrictions may be applied by means of import licences or permits without a quota;

　　(c) Contracting parties shall not, except for purposes of operating quotas allocated in accordance with subparagraph (d) of this paragraph, require that import licences or permits be utilized for the importation of the product concerned from a particular country or source;

　　2.締約各國對任何產(chǎn)品實施進口限制時，應(yīng)旨在使這種產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易分配盡可能與如果沒有這種限制時其他締約各國預(yù)期可能得到的份額相接近;為此目地，締約各國應(yīng)遵守下列規(guī)定：

　　(甲)在可能時，應(yīng)固定準(zhǔn)許進口的配額(不論是否在供應(yīng)國之間進行分配)，并應(yīng)按本條第三款(乙)項的規(guī)定，公告其數(shù)額;

　　(乙)如不能采用配額辦法，可采用無配額的進口許可證或進口憑證方式實施限制;

　　(丙)除為了按本款(丁)項分配配額以外，締約各國不得只規(guī)定從某一特定國家或來源輸入有關(guān)產(chǎn)品須用進口許可證或進口憑證。

　　(d) In cases in which a quota is allocated among supplying countries the contracting party applying the restrictions may seek agreement with respect to the allocation of shares in the quota with all other contracting parties having a substantial interest in supplying the product concerned. In cases in which this method is not reasonably practicable, the contracting party concerned shall allot to contracting parties having a substantial interest in supplying the product shares based upon the proportions, supplied by such contracting parties during a previous representative period, of the total quantity or value of imports of the product, due account being taken of any special factors which may have affected or may be affecting the trade in the product. No conditions or formalities shall be imposed which would prevent any contracting party from utilizing fully the share of any such total quantity or value which has been allotted to it, subject to importation being made within any prescribed period to which the quota may relate.

　　(丁)如果配額系在各供應(yīng)國之間進行分配，實施限制的締約國可謀求與供應(yīng)有關(guān)產(chǎn)品有實質(zhì)利害關(guān)系的所有締約國就配額的分配達成協(xié)議。如果不能采用這種辦法，在考慮了可能已經(jīng)影響或正在影響有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易的特殊因素的情況下，有關(guān)締約國應(yīng)根據(jù)前一代表時期供應(yīng)產(chǎn)品的締約國在這一產(chǎn)品進口總量或總值中所占的比例，將份額分配給與供應(yīng)產(chǎn)品有實質(zhì)利害關(guān)系的國家。除這一份額應(yīng)予配額所定的限制內(nèi)進口以外，有關(guān)締約國不得設(shè)立任何條件或手續(xù)來阻礙任何其他締約國充分利用其從這一總額或總值中所分得的份額。

　　3. (a) In cases in which import licences are issued in connection with import restrictions, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall provide, upon the request of any contracting party having an interest in the trade in the product concerned, all relevant information concerning the administration of the restrictions, the import licences granted over a recent period and the distribution of such licences among supplying countries; Provided that there shall be no obligation to supply information as to the names of importing or supplying enterprises.

　　3.(甲)在為實施進口限制簽發(fā)進口許可證的情況下，如與某產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易有利害關(guān)系的任何締約國提出要求，實施限制的締約國應(yīng)提供關(guān)于限制的管理，最近期間簽發(fā)的進口許可證及其在各供應(yīng)國之間的分配情況的一切有關(guān)資料，但對進口商或供應(yīng)商的名稱，應(yīng)不承擔(dān)提供資料的義務(wù)。

　　(b) In the case of import restrictions involving the fixing of quotas, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall give public notice of the total quantity or value of the product or products which will be permitted to be imported during a specified future period and of any change in such quantity or value. Any supplies of the product in question which were en route at the time at which public notice was given shall not be excluded from entry; Provided that they may be counted so far as practicable, against the quantity permitted to be imported in the period in question, and also, where necessary, against the quantities permitted to be imported in the next following period or periods; and Provided further that if any contracting party customarily exempts from such restrictions products entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption during a period of thirty days after the day of such public notice, such practice shall be considered full compliance with this subparagraph.

　　(乙)在進口限制采用固定配額的情況下，實施限制的締約國應(yīng)公布今后某一特定時期內(nèi)將要準(zhǔn)許進口的產(chǎn)品總量或總值及其可能的變動。在公布時，有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)如果已在運輸途中的，應(yīng)不得拒絕其進口;但是，可將它盡可能計算在本期的準(zhǔn)許進口的數(shù)量以內(nèi)，必要時也可以計算在下一期或下幾期的準(zhǔn)許進口數(shù)量以內(nèi);另外，任何締約國在對公告后30日內(nèi)為消費而進口的或為消費而從貨棧里提出的有關(guān)產(chǎn)品，如果按照慣例系免除這種限制，這種慣例應(yīng)視為完全符合本款的規(guī)定。

　　(c) In the case of quotas allocated among supplying countries, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall promptly inform all other contracting parties having an interest in supplying the product concerned of the shares in the quota currently allocated, by quantity or value, to the various supplying countries and shall give public notice thereof.

　　(丙)當(dāng)配額系在各供應(yīng)國間進行分配的情況下，實施限制的締約國應(yīng)將最近根據(jù)數(shù)量或價值分配給各供應(yīng)國的配額份額，迅速通知與供應(yīng)產(chǎn)品有利害關(guān)系的所有其他締約國，并應(yīng)公告周知。

　　4. With regard to restrictions applied in accordance with paragraph 2 (d) of this Article or under paragraph 2 (c) of Article XI, the selection of a representative period for any product and the appraisal of any special factorsaffecting the trade in the product shall be made initially by the contracting party applying the restriction; Provided that such contracting party shall, upon the request of any other contracting party having a substantial interest in supplying that product or upon the request of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, consult promptly with the other contracting party or the CONTRACTING PARTIES regarding the need for an adjustment of the proportion determined or of the base period selected, or for the reappraisal of the special factors involved, or for the elimination of conditions, formalities or any other provisions established unilaterally relating to the allocation of an adequate quota or its unrestricted utilization.

　　4.關(guān)于按本條第二款(丁)項或本協(xié)定第十一條第二款(丙)項所實施的限制，應(yīng)首先由實施限制的締約國選擇產(chǎn)品的有代表性時期和估計影響產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易的任何特殊因素;但是,在與供應(yīng)這一產(chǎn)品有重大利害關(guān)系的任何締約國或締約國全體提出請求后，實施限制的締約國應(yīng)迅速與其他締約國或締約國全體協(xié)商，以斷定有無必要調(diào)整已確定的比例或選定的基期，或重新估計有關(guān)的特殊因素，或取消單方面建立的與相應(yīng)配額的分配或自由利用有關(guān)的那些條件、手續(xù)或其他規(guī)定。

　　5. The provisions of this Article shall apply to any tariff quota instituted or maintained by any contracting party, and, in so far as applicable, the principles of this Article shall also extend to export restrictions.

　　5.本條的規(guī)定應(yīng)適用于任何締約國建立或維持的關(guān)稅配額，而且本條的原則應(yīng)盡可能地適用于出口限制。

　　Article XIV: Exceptions to the Rule of Non-discrimination 第十四條 非歧視原則的例外

　　1. A contracting party which applies restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII may, in the application of such restrictions, deviate from the provisions of Article XIII in a manner having equivalent effect to restrictions on payments and transfers for current international transactions which that contracting party may at that time apply under Article VIII or XIV of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or under analogous provisions of a special exchange agreement entered into pursuant to paragraph 6 of Article XV.

　　1.按照本協(xié)定第十二條或第十八條第二節(jié)實施限制的一締約國，可以在實施限制時背離本協(xié)定第十三條的規(guī)定，但這種背離應(yīng)與這一締約國當(dāng)時可能按照國際貨幣基金第八條或第十四條的規(guī)定，或按照根據(jù)本協(xié)定第十五條第六款簽訂的特別外匯協(xié)定的類似規(guī)定對現(xiàn)行國際交易的支付和轉(zhuǎn)讓所實施的限制所產(chǎn)生的影響相同。

　　2. A contracting party which is applying import restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII may, with the consent of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, temporarily deviate from the provisions of Article XIII in respect of a small part of its external trade where the benefits to the contracting party or contracting parties concerned substantially outweigh any injury which may result to the trade of other contracting parties.

　　2.經(jīng)締約國全體同意，按照本協(xié)定第十二條或第十八條第二節(jié)實施進口限制的一締約國，可以使它的一小部分對外貿(mào)易暫時背離本協(xié)定第十三條的規(guī)定，如果這樣做后，對有關(guān)的一個締約國或幾個締約國造成的利益大大超過對其他締約國貿(mào)易所造成的損害。

　　3. The provisions of Article XIII shall not preclude a group of territories having a common quota in the International Monetary Fund from applying against imports from other countries, but not among themselves, restrictions in accordance with the provisions of Article XII or of Section B of Article XVIII on condition that such restrictions are in all other respects consistent with the provisions of Article XIII.

　　4. A contracting party applying import restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII shall not be precluded by Articles XI to XV or Section B of Article XVIII of this Agreement from applying measures to direct its exports in such a manner as to increase its earnings of currencies which it can use without deviation from the provisions of Article XIII.

　　3.本協(xié)定第十三條的規(guī)定，并不阻止在國際貨幣基金中有共同配額的某些領(lǐng)土根據(jù)本協(xié)定第十二條或第十八條第二節(jié)的規(guī)定，限制來自其他國家的進口，而不限制它們相互間的進口，但這種限制必須在其他方面符合本協(xié)定第十三條的規(guī)定。

　　4.本協(xié)定第十一條至第十五條或本協(xié)定第十八條第二節(jié)的規(guī)定，并不阻止按照本協(xié)定第十二條或按照本協(xié)定第十八條第二節(jié)實施限制的一締約國采取不違反本協(xié)定第十三條規(guī)定的措施以指導(dǎo)出口，增加外匯收入。

　　5. A contracting party shall not be precluded by Articles XI to XV, inclusive, or by Section B of Article XVIII, of this Agreement from applying quantitative restrictions:

　　(a) having equivalent effect to exchange restrictions authorized under Section 3 (b) of Article VII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or

　　(b) under the preferential arrangements provided for in Annex A of this Agreement, pending the outcome of the negotiations referred to therein.

　　5.本協(xié)定第十一條至第十五條或本協(xié)定第十八條第二節(jié)的規(guī)定，并不阻止一締約國：

　　(甲)實施與國際貨幣基金協(xié)定第十七條允許實施的外匯限制有相同影響的數(shù)量限制，或

　　(乙)在本協(xié)定附件一所稱的談判取得結(jié)果以前，根據(jù)這一附件內(nèi)所列的優(yōu)惠安排而實施的數(shù)量限制。

　　Article XV: Exchange Arrangements 第十五條 外匯安排

　　1. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall seek co-operation with the International Monetary Fund to the end that the CONTRACTING PARTIES and the Fund may pursue a co-ordinated policy with regard to exchange questions within the jurisdiction of the Fund and questions of quantitative restrictions and other trade measures within the jurisdiction of the CONTRACTING PARTIES.

　　1.締約國全體應(yīng)謀求與國際貨幣基金合作，以便締約國全體與基金在基金所主管的外匯問題和締約國全體所主管的數(shù)量限制或其他貿(mào)易措施方面，可以采取一種協(xié)調(diào)的政策。

　　2. In all cases in which the CONTRACTING PARTIES are called upon to consider or deal with problems concerning monetary reserves, balances of payments or foreign exchange arrangements, they shall consult fully with the International Monetary Fund. In such consultations, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall accept all findings of statistical and other facts presented by the Fund relating to foreign exchange, monetary reserves and balances of payments, and shall accept the determination of the Fund as to whether action by a contracting party in exchange matters is in accordance with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or with the terms of a special exchange agreement between that contracting party and the CONTRACTING PARTIES. The CONTRACTING PARTIES in reaching their final decision in cases involving the criteria set forth in paragraph 2 (a) of Article XII or in paragraph 9 of Article XVIII, shall accept the determination of the Fund as to what constitutes a serious decline in the contracting party’s monetary reserves, a very low level of its monetary reserves or a reasonable rate of increase in its monetary reserves, and as to the financial aspects of other matters covered in consultation in such cases.

　　2.締約國全體如果被請求考慮或處理有關(guān)貨幣儲備、國際收支或外匯安排的問題，它們應(yīng)與國際貨幣基金進行充分的協(xié)商。締約國全體在協(xié)商中應(yīng)接受基金提供的有關(guān)外匯、貨幣儲備或國際收支的一切統(tǒng)計或其他調(diào)查結(jié)果;關(guān)于一締約國在外匯問題上采取的行動是否符合國際貨幣基金協(xié)定的條款，是否符合這一締約國與締約國全體之間所簽訂的外匯特別協(xié)定的條件，締約國全體也應(yīng)接受基金的判定，締約國全體如需對涉及本協(xié)定第十二條第二款(甲)項或第十八條第九款所規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的案件作出最后決定，對什么是一締約國貨幣儲備的嚴(yán)重下降，什么是一締約國的貨幣儲備很低，什么是一締約國貨幣儲備的合理增長，以及對協(xié)商中涉及的其他事項的財政問題，都應(yīng)接受基金的判定。

　　3. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall seek agreement with the Fund regarding procedures for consultation under paragraph 2 of this Article.

　　4. Contracting parties shall not, by exchange action, frustratethe intent of the provisions of this Agreement, nor, by trade action, the intent of the provisions of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund.

　　5. If the CONTRACTING PARTIES consider, at any time, that exchange restrictions on payments and transfers in connection with imports are being applied by a contracting party in a manner inconsistent with the exceptions provided for in this Agreement for quantitative restrictions, they shall report thereon to the Fund.

　　3.締約國全體應(yīng)設(shè)法與基金就本條第二款所述協(xié)商的程序達成協(xié)議。

　　4.締約各國不得以外匯方面的行動，來妨礙本協(xié)定各項規(guī)定的意圖的實現(xiàn)，也不得以貿(mào)易方面的行動，妨礙國際貨幣基金協(xié)定各項規(guī)定的意圖的實現(xiàn)。

　　5.如締約國全體認(rèn)為，某締約國現(xiàn)行的有關(guān)進口貨物的支付和轉(zhuǎn)帳方面的外匯限制與本協(xié)定對數(shù)量限制所訂的例外規(guī)定不符，則締約國全體應(yīng)將這一情況向基金報告。

　　6. Any contracting party which is not a member of the Fund shall, within a time to be determined by the CONTRACTING PARTIES after consultation with the Fund, become a member of the Fund, or, failing that, enter into a special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES. A contracting party which ceases to be a member of the Fund shall forthwith enter into a special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES. Any special exchange agreement entered into by a contracting party under this paragraph shall thereupon become part of its obligations under this Agreement.

　　6.凡不是國際貨幣基金成員國的締約國，應(yīng)在締約國全體與基金商定的時限內(nèi)，成為基金的成員國;如不能做到這一點，應(yīng)與締約國全體簽訂一個外匯特別協(xié)定。一締約國如果退出國際貨幣基金，應(yīng)立即與締約國全體簽訂一個外匯特別協(xié)定。一締約國根據(jù)本款與締約國全體簽訂的外匯特別協(xié)定，應(yīng)成為這一締約國對本協(xié)定所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)的組成部分。

　　7. (a) A special exchange agreement between a contracting party and the CONTRACTING PARTIES under paragraph 6 of this Article shall provide to the satisfaction of the CONTRACTING PARTIES that the objectives of this Agreement will not be frustrated as a result of action in exchange matters by the contracting party in question.

　　(b) The terms of any such agreement shall not impose obligations on the contracting party in exchange matters generally more restrictive than those imposed by the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund on members of the Fund.

　　7.(甲)一締約國與締約國全體根據(jù)本條第六款簽訂的外匯特別協(xié)定，須有使締約國全體滿意的下述規(guī)定：這一締約國在外匯問題上采取的行動，將不妨礙本協(xié)定的宗旨的實現(xiàn) 。

　　(乙)任何外匯特別協(xié)定的條款要求締約國在外匯問題上所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)，一般應(yīng)不嚴(yán)于國際貨幣基金協(xié)定的條款要求基金成員國所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。

　　8. A contracting party which is not a member of the Fund shall furnish such information within the general scope of section 5 of Article VIII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund as the CONTRACTING PARTIES may require in order to carry out their functions under this Agreement.

　　8.不是國際貨幣基金成員的締約國應(yīng)向締約國全體提供其為執(zhí)行本協(xié)定規(guī)定的任務(wù)而需要的國際貨幣基金協(xié)定第八條第五節(jié)范圍內(nèi)的一般資料。

　　9. Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude: 9.本協(xié)定不妨礙：

　　(a) the use by a contracting party of exchange controls or exchange restrictions in accordance with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund or with that contracting party’s special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, or

　　(b) the use by a contracting party of restrictions or controls in imports or exports, the sole effect of which, additional to the effects permitted under Articles XI, XII, XIII and XIV, is to make effective such exchange controls or exchange restrictions.

　　(甲)締約國實施與國際貨幣基金協(xié)定條款或與締約國同締約國全體簽訂的外匯特別協(xié)定條款相符的外匯管制或外匯限制，或

　　(乙)締約國對輸出入實施某種除了產(chǎn)生本協(xié)定第十一條、第十二條、第十三條和第十四條所允許的影響以外，只是使外匯管制或外匯限制更加有效地限制或管制。

　　Article XVI: Subsidies第十六條 貼補

　　Section A Subsidies in General 第一節(jié) 一般貼補

　　1. If any contracting party grants or maintains any subsidy, including any form of income or price support, which operates directly or indirectly to increase exports of any product from, or to reduce imports of any product into, its territory, it shall notify the CONTRACTING PARTIES in writing of the extent and nature of the subsidization, of the estimated effect of the subsidization on the quantity of the affected product or products imported into or exported from its territory and of the circumstances making the subsidization necessary. In any case in which it is determined that serious prejudice to the interests of any other contracting party is caused or threatened by any such subsidization, the contracting party granting the subsidy shall, upon request, discuss with the other contracting party or parties concerned, or with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, the possibility of limiting the subsidization.

　　1.任何締約國如果給予或維持任何貼補，包括任何形式的收入支持或價格支持在內(nèi)，以直接或間接增加從它的領(lǐng)土輸出某種產(chǎn)品或減少向它的領(lǐng)土輸入某種產(chǎn)品，它應(yīng)將這項貼補的性質(zhì)和范圍、這項貼補對輸出入的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量預(yù)計可能產(chǎn)生的影響以及使得這項貼補成為必要的各種情況，書面通知締約國全體。如這項貼補經(jīng)判定對另一締約國的利益造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害或產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重威脅，給予貼補的締約國，應(yīng)在接到要求后與有關(guān)的其他締約國或締約國全體討論限制這項貼補的可能性。

　　Section B Additional Provisions on Export Subsidies第二節(jié) 對出口貼補的附加規(guī)定

　　2. The contracting parties recognize that the granting by a contracting party of a subsidy on the export of any product may have harmful effects for other contracting parties, both importing and exporting, may cause undue disturbance to their normal commercial interests, and may hinder the achievement of the objectives of this Agreement.

　　2.締約各國認(rèn)為：一締約國對某一出口產(chǎn)品給予貼補，可能對其他的進口和出口締約 國造成有害的影響，對它們的正常貿(mào)易造成不適當(dāng)?shù)母蓴_，并阻礙本協(xié)定的目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。

　　3. Accordingly, contracting parties should seek to avoid the use of subsidies on the export of primary products. If, however, a contracting party grants directly or indirectly any form of subsidy which operates to increase the export of any primary product from its territory, such subsidy shall not be applied in a manner which results in that contracting party having more than an equitable share of world export trade in that product, account being taken of the shares of the contracting parties in such trade in the product during a previous representative period, and any special factors which may have affected or may be affecting such trade in the product.

　　3.因此，締約各國應(yīng)力求避免對初級產(chǎn)品的輸出實施貼補。但是，如一締約國直接或間接給予某種貼補以求增加從它的領(lǐng)土輸出某種初級產(chǎn)品，則這一締約國在實施貼補時不應(yīng)使它自己在這一產(chǎn)品的世界出口貿(mào)易中占有不合理的份額，適當(dāng)注意前一有代表性時期締約各國在這種產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易中所占的份額及已經(jīng)影響或可能正在影響這種產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易的特殊因素 。

　　4. Further, as from 1 January 1958 or the earliest practicable date thereafter, contracting parties shall cease to grant either directly or indirectly any form of subsidy on the export of any product other than a primary product which subsidy results in the sale of such product for export at a price lower than the comparable price charged for the like product to buyers in the domestic market. Until 31 December 1957 no contracting party shall extend the scope of any such subsidization beyond that existing on 1 January 1955 by the introduction of new, or the extension of existing, subsidies.

　　4.另外，從1958年1月1日或其后可能的盡早的日期起，對初級產(chǎn)品以外的任何產(chǎn)品，締約各國不應(yīng)再直接或間接給予使這種產(chǎn)品的輸出售價低于同樣產(chǎn)品在國內(nèi)市場出售時的可比價格的任何形式的貼補。在1957年12月31日以前，任何締約國不得用實施新的貼補或擴大現(xiàn)有貼補的辦法，使前述貼補超出1955年1月1日所實施的范圍。

　　5. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review the operation of the provisions of this Article from time to time with a view to examining its effectiveness, in the light of actual experience, in promoting the objectives of this Agreement and avoiding subsidization seriously prejudicial to the trade or interests of contracting parties.

　　5.締約各國應(yīng)根據(jù)實際的經(jīng)驗隨時檢查本條規(guī)定的執(zhí)行情況，以了解本條規(guī)定在促進本協(xié)定目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)以及避免貼補對締約各國的貿(mào)易或利益造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害方面是否有效。

　　Article XVII: State Trading Enterprises 第十七條 國營貿(mào)易企業(yè)

　　1.(a) Each contracting party undertakes that if it establishes or maintains a State enterprise, wherever located, or grants to any enterprise, formally or in effect, exclusive or special privileges,such enterprise shall, in its purchases or sales involving either imports or exports, act in a manner consistent with the general principles of non-discriminatory treatment prescribed in this Agreement for governmental measures affecting imports or exports by private traders.

　　1.(甲)締約各國保證：當(dāng)它建立或維持一個國營企業(yè)(不論位于何處)，或?qū)σ粋€企業(yè)正式或事實上給予獨占權(quán)或特權(quán)時，這種企業(yè)在其有關(guān)進口或出口的購買和銷售方面的行為，應(yīng)符合本協(xié)定中關(guān)于影響私商進出口貨物的政府措施所規(guī)定的非歧視待遇的一般原則 。

　　(b) The provisions of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph shall be understood to require that such enterprises shall, having due regard to the other provisions of this Agreement, make any such purchases or sales solely in accordance with commercial considerations,including price, quality, availability, marketability, transportation and other conditions of purchase or sale, and shall afford the enterprises of the other contracting parties adequate opportunity, in accordance with customary business practice, to compete for participation in such purchases or sales.

　　(乙)本款(甲)項的規(guī)定應(yīng)理解為要求國營企業(yè)，在購買或銷售時除適當(dāng)注意本協(xié)定的其他規(guī)定外，應(yīng)只以商業(yè)上的考慮(包括價格、質(zhì)量、資源多少、推銷難易、運輸和其他購銷條件)作為根據(jù)，并按照商業(yè)上的慣例為其他締約國的國營企業(yè)參與這種購買或銷售提供充分的競爭機會。

　　(c) No contracting party shall prevent any enterprise (whether or not an enterprise described in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph) under its jurisdiction from acting in accordance with the principles of subparagraphs (a) and (b) of this paragraph.

　　(丙)一締約國不得阻止其所管轄下的企業(yè)(不論是否本款(甲)項所述企業(yè))實施本款(甲)項和(乙)項規(guī)定的原則。

　　2. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not apply to imports of products for immediate or ultimate consumption in governmental use and not otherwise for resale or use in the production of goods for sale. With respect to such imports, each contracting party shall accord to the trade of the other contracting parties fair and equitable treatment.

　　3. The contracting parties recognize that enterprises of the kind described in paragraph 1 (a) of this Article might be operated so as to create serious obstacles to trade; thus negotiations on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis designed to limit or reduce such obstacles are of importance to the expansion of international trade.

　　2.本條第一款的規(guī)定不適用于政府為目前或今后公用非為出售或生產(chǎn)供銷售的商品而進口的產(chǎn)品。每一締約國應(yīng)對其他締約國輸入貨物的貿(mào)易給予公平合理的待遇。

　　3.締約各國認(rèn)為，本條第一款(甲)項所述的企業(yè)活動有可能對貿(mào)易造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害，因此，在互惠互利的基礎(chǔ)上進行談判以限制或減少這種損害，對國際貿(mào)易的擴展是重要的。

　　4. (a) Contracting parties shall notify the CONTRACTING PARTIES of the products which are imported into or exported from their territories by enterprises of the kind described in paragraph 1 (a) of this Article.

　　(b) A contracting party establishing, maintaining or authorizing an import monopoly of a product, which is not the subject of a concession under Article II, shall, on the request of another contracting party having a substantial trade in the product concerned, inform the CONTRACTING PARTIES of the import mark-upon the product during a recent representative period, or, when it is not possible to do so, of the price charged on the resale of the product.

　　(c) The CONTRACTING PARTIES may, at the request of a contracting party which has reason to believe that its interest under this Agreement are being adversely affected by the operations of an enterprise of the kind described in paragraph 1 (a), request the contracting party establishing, maintaining or authorizing such enterprise to supply information about its operations related to the carrying out of the provisions of this Agreement.

　　4.(甲)締約各國應(yīng)將本條第一款(甲)項所述企業(yè)輸入到它們的領(lǐng)土或從它們的領(lǐng)土輸出的產(chǎn)品通知締約國全體。

　　(乙)締約國如果對本協(xié)定第二條減讓范圍以外的某一產(chǎn)品建立、維持或授權(quán)實施進口壟斷，在對這一產(chǎn)品有大量貿(mào)易的另一締約國提出請求后，它應(yīng)將最近有代表性時期內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的進口加價，或者(如不能辦到的話)將產(chǎn)品的轉(zhuǎn)售價格，通知締約國全體。

　　(丙)當(dāng)一締約國有理由認(rèn)為，它按本協(xié)定可享受的利益由于本款(甲)項所述企業(yè)的活動正在受到損害，它可以向締約國全體提出請求，締約國全體可以據(jù)此要求建立、維持或授權(quán)建立這種企業(yè)的那個締約國，就其執(zhí)行本協(xié)定的情況提供資料。

　　(d) The provisions of this paragraph shall not require any contracting party to disclose confidential information which would impede law enforcement or otherwise be contrary to the public interest or would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of particular enterprises.

　　(丁)本款不要求締約國公布那些妨礙法令貫徹執(zhí)行或在其他方面有損于公共利益或?qū)δ承┚唧w企業(yè)正當(dāng)商業(yè)利益會造成損害的機密資料。

　　Article XVIII: Governmental Assistance to Economic Development

　　第十八條 政府對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的援助

　　1. The contracting parties recognize that the attainment of the objectives of this Agreement will be facilitated by the progressive development of their economies, particularly of those contracting parties the economies of which can only support low standards of living and are in the early stages of development.

　　1.締約各國認(rèn)為：締約各國，特別是那些只能維持低生活水平處在發(fā)展初期階段的締約國的經(jīng)濟的逐步增長，將有助于實現(xiàn)本協(xié)定的宗旨。

　　2. The contracting parties recognize further that it may be necessary for those contracting parties, in order to implement programmes and policies of economic development designed to raise the general standard of living of their people, to take protective or other measures affecting imports, and that such measures are justified in so far as they facilitate the attainment of the objectives of this Agreement. They agree, therefore, that those contracting parties should enjoy additional facilities to enable them (a) to maintain sufficient flexibility in their tariff structure to be able to grant the tariff protection required for the establishment of a particular industry and (b) to apply quantitative restrictions for balance of payments purposes in a manner which takes full account of the continued high level of demand for imports likely to be generated by their programmes of economic development.

　　2.締約各國還認(rèn)為：為了實施目的在于提高人民一般生活水平的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃和政策,這些締約國可能有必要采取影響進口的保護措施或其他措施，而且，只要這些措施有助于實現(xiàn)本協(xié)定的宗旨，它們就有存在的理由。因此，締約各國同意，這些締約國應(yīng)該享受額外的便利，使它們(甲)在關(guān)稅結(jié)構(gòu)方面能夠保持足夠的彈性，從而為某一特定工業(yè)的建立提供需要的關(guān)稅保護;(乙)在充分考慮它們的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃可能造成的持續(xù)高水平的進口需求的條件下，能夠為國際收支目的而實施數(shù)量限制。

　　3. The contracting parties recognize finally that, with those additional facilities which are provided for in Sections A and B of this Article, the provisions of this Agreement would normally be sufficient to enable contracting parties to meet the requirements of their economic development. They agree, however, that there may be circumstances where no measure consistent with those provisions is practicable to permit a contracting party in the process of economic development to grant the governmental assistance required to promote the establishment of particular industrieswith a view to raising the general standard of living of its people. Special procedures are laid down in Sections C and D of this Article to deal with those cases.

　　3.最后，締約各國認(rèn)為：有了本條第一節(jié)和第二節(jié)規(guī)定的額外便利，本協(xié)定的規(guī)定在正常情況下將能足夠滿足締約各國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要。但是，締約各國同意，可能有一些找不到符合上述規(guī)定措施的情況，在這種情況下，一個經(jīng)濟處在發(fā)展階段的締約國政府，就不能為了提高人民生活的一般水平，而對某些特定工業(yè)的加速建立提供必需的援助。為了處理這些情況，本條第三節(jié)和第四節(jié)規(guī)定了特別程序。

　　4. (a) Consequently, a contracting party, the economy of which can only support low standards of livingand is in the early stages of development,shall be free to deviate temporarily from the provisions of the other Articles of this Agreement, as provided in Sections A, B and C of this Article.

　　(b) A contracting party, the economy of which is in the process of development, but which does not come within the scope of subparagraph (a) above, may submit applications to the CONTRACTING PARTIES under Section D of this Article.

　　4.(甲)因此，凡是只能維持低生活水平經(jīng)濟處在發(fā)展初期階段的締約國，有權(quán)按本條第一節(jié)、第二節(jié)和第三節(jié)暫時背離本協(xié)定其他各條的規(guī)定。

　　(乙)凡是經(jīng)濟處在發(fā)展階段，但又不屬于上述(甲)項規(guī)定范圍的締約國，可以根據(jù)本條第四節(jié)的規(guī)定向締約國全體提出申請。

　　5. The contracting parties recognize that the export earnings of contracting parties, the economies of which are of the type described in paragraph 4 (a) and (b) above and which depend on exports of a small number of primary commodities, may be seriously reduced by a decline in the sale of such commodities. Accordingly, when the exports of primary commodities by such a contracting party are seriously affected by measures taken by another contracting party, it may have resort to the consultation provisions of Article XXII of this Agreement.

　　6. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review annually all measures applied pursuant to the provisions of Sections C and D of this Article.

　　5.締約各國認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟屬于上面第四款(甲)項和(乙)項所述類型并依賴少數(shù)初級產(chǎn)品出口的締約國的出口收入，會因這些產(chǎn)品銷售的下降而嚴(yán)重減少。因此，當(dāng)這種締約國的初級產(chǎn)品的出口受到另一締約國所采取的措施的嚴(yán)重影響時，它可以引用本協(xié)定第二十二條規(guī)定的協(xié)商程序。

　　6.締約國全體應(yīng)每年檢查按本條第三節(jié)和第四節(jié)而實施的一切措施。

　　Section A第一節(jié)

　　7. (a) If a contracting party coming within the scope of paragraph 4 (a) of this Article considers it desirable, in order to promote the establishment of a particular industry with a view to raising the general standard of living of its people, to modify or withdraw a concession included in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, it shall notify the CONTRACTING PARTIES to this effect and enter into negotiations with any contracting party with which such concession was initially negotiated, and with any other contracting party determined by the CONTRACTING PARTIES to have a substantial interest therein. If agreement is reached between such contracting parties concerned, they shall be free to modify or withdraw concessions under the appropriate Schedules to this Agreement in order to give effect to such agreement, including any compensatory adjustments involved.

　　7.(甲)如果本條第四款(甲)項規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的一締約國為了加速某一特定工業(yè)的建立以提高人民的一般生活水平，認(rèn)為有必要修改或撤銷本協(xié)定有關(guān)減讓表中所列的某項減讓,它應(yīng)將上述情況通知締約國全體，并應(yīng)與原來跟它談判減讓的任何締約國和締約國全體認(rèn)為對此有實質(zhì)利害關(guān)系的任何其他締約國進行談判。如在這些有關(guān)的締約國之間能夠達成協(xié)議，這些締約國為了能將達成的協(xié)議付諸實施，應(yīng)有權(quán)對本協(xié)定有關(guān)減讓表中所列的減讓，包括有關(guān)的補償性調(diào)整在內(nèi)，加以修改或撤銷。

　　(b) If agreement is not reached within sixty days after the notification provided for in subparagraph (a) above, the contracting party which proposes to modify or withdraw the concession may refer the matter to the CONTRACTING PARTIES which shall promptly examine it. If they find that the contracting party which proposes to modify or withdraw the concession has made every effort to reach an agreement and that the compensatory adjustment offered by it is adequate, that contracting party shall be free to modify or withdraw the concession if, at the same time, it gives effect to the compensatory adjustment. If the CONTRACTING PARTIES do not find that the compensation offered by a contracting party proposing to modify or withdraw the concession is adequate, but find that it has made every reasonable effort to offer adequate compensation, that contracting party shall be free to proceed with such modification or withdrawal. If such action is taken, any other contracting party referred to in subparagraph (a) above shall be free to modify or withdraw substantially equivalent concessions initially negotiated with the contracting party which has taken the action.

　　(乙)如在上述(甲)項規(guī)定的通知發(fā)出以后60天內(nèi)不能達成協(xié)議，則建議修改或撤銷減讓的締約國可將這個問題提交締約國全體，締約國全體應(yīng)迅速加以研究。如締約國全體認(rèn)為建議修改或撤銷減讓的締約國為了達成協(xié)議已盡了一切努力，而且它所提供的補償性調(diào)整也是適當(dāng)?shù)?，則這一締約國，只要它同時準(zhǔn)備將補償性調(diào)整付諸實施，可以修改或撤銷減讓。如締約各國全體認(rèn)為，建議修改或撤銷減讓的締約國所提供的補償性調(diào)整是不適當(dāng)?shù)?，但它已為提供適當(dāng)?shù)难a償作了一切合理的努力，則這一締約國可以繼續(xù)這種修改或撤銷。它如果采取這項行動，上述(甲)項規(guī)定中所述的任何其他締約國，可以對原與它談判達成的減讓，作基本上相等的修改或撤銷。

　　Section B 第二節(jié)

　　8. The contracting parties recognize that contracting parties coming within the scope of paragraph 4 (a) of this Article tend, when they are in rapid process of development, to experience balance of payments difficulties arising mainly from efforts to expand their internal markets as well as from the instability in their terms of trade.

　　8.締約各國認(rèn)為，本條第四款(甲)項規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的締約國，在它們的經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展的過程中，主要由于努力擴大國內(nèi)市場和由于貿(mào)易條件的不穩(wěn)定，往往會面臨國際收支的困難。

　　9. In order to safeguard its external financial position and to ensure a level of reserves adequate for the implementation of its programme of economic development, a contracting party coming within the scope of paragraph 4 (a) of this Article may, subject to the provisions of paragraphs 10 to 12, control the general level of its imports by restricting the quantity or value of merchandise permitted to be imported; Provided that the import restrictions instituted, maintained or intensified shall not exceed those necessary:

　　(a) to forestall the threat of, or to stop, a serious decline in its monetary reserves, or

　　(b) in the case of a contracting party with inadequate monetary reserves, to achieve a reasonable rate of increase in its reserves.

　　Due regard shall be paid in either case to any special factors which may be affecting the reserves of the contracting party or its need for reserves, including, where special external credits or other resources are available to it, the need to provide for the appropriate use of such credits or resources.

　　9.為了保護對外金融地位和保證有一定水平的儲備以滿足實施經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃的需要，本條第四款(甲)項規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的一締約國可以在本條第十款到第十二款規(guī)定的限制下，采取限制準(zhǔn)許進口的商品的數(shù)量或價值的辦法來控制它的進口的一般水平;但是，所建立、維持或加強的進口限制不得超過：

　　(甲)為了預(yù)防貨幣儲備嚴(yán)重下降的威脅或制止貨幣儲備下降所必需的程度，或者

　　(乙)貨幣儲備不足的締約國，為了使貨幣儲備能夠合理增長所必需的程度。

　　在這兩種情況下，對可能正在影響這一締約國的儲備或其對儲備需要的任何特殊因素，包括在能夠得到特別的國外信貸或其他資源的情況下安排適當(dāng)使用這種信貸或資源的需要，都應(yīng)加以適當(dāng)?shù)目紤]。

　　10. In applying these restrictions, the contracting party may determine their incidence on imports of different products or classes of products in such a way as to give priority to the importation of those products which are more essential in the light of its policy of economic development; Provided that the restrictions are so applied as to avoid unnecessary damage to the commercial or economic interests of any other contracting party and not to prevent unreasonably the importation of any description of goods in minimum commercial quantities the exclusion of which would impair regular channels of trade; and Provided further that the restrictions are not so applied as to prevent the importation of commercial samples or to prevent compliance with patent, trade mark, copyright or similar procedures.

　　10.締約國在實施上述進口限制時，可以對不同進口產(chǎn)品或不同進口產(chǎn)品的不同類別確定不同的限制方式，以便根據(jù)其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展政策優(yōu)先進口比較必需的產(chǎn)品;但是，實施的限制應(yīng)避免對任何其他締約國的貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟利益造成不必要的損害;不應(yīng)無理地阻礙任何商品的最低貿(mào)易數(shù)量的輸入;完全禁止其輸入即會損害正常貿(mào)易渠道，也不應(yīng)阻礙商業(yè)貨樣的輸入及專利權(quán)、商標(biāo)、版權(quán)或類似程序的遵守。

　　11. In carrying out its domestic policies, the contracting party concerned shall pay due regard to the need for restoring equilibrium in its balance of payments on a sound and lasting basis and to the desirability of assuring an economic employment of productive resources. It shall progressively relax any restrictions applied under this Section as conditions improve, maintaining them only to the extent necessary under the terms of paragraph 9 of this Article and shall eliminate them when conditions no longer justify such maintenance; Provided that no contracting party shall be required to withdraw or modify restrictions on the ground that a change in its development policy would render unnecessary the restrictions which it is applying under this Section.

　　11.有關(guān)締約國在執(zhí)行國內(nèi)政策時，應(yīng)適當(dāng)注意使自己的國際收支在健全而持久的基礎(chǔ)上恢復(fù)平衡的必要性以及保證生產(chǎn)資源的經(jīng)濟使用的好處。如情況改善，有關(guān)締約國應(yīng)逐步放寬按本節(jié)規(guī)定而實施的限制，他們所維持的限制應(yīng)以本條第九款規(guī)定的條件使他們有必要實施為限。當(dāng)情況改變已無必要維持這些限制時，應(yīng)立即予以取消。但是，不得以它的發(fā)展政策的改變會使按本節(jié)實施的限制成為不必要為理由，而要求一締約國撤銷或修改這種限制。

　　12. (a) Any contracting party applying new restrictions or raising the general level of its existing restrictions by a substantial intensification of the measures applied under this Section, shall immediately after instituting or intensifying such restrictions (or, in circumstances in which prior consultation is practicable, before doing so) consult with the CONTRACTING PARTIES as to the nature of its balance of payments difficulties, alternative corrective measures which may be available, and the possible effect of the restrictions on the economies of other contracting parties.

　　12.(甲)建立新的限制，或者大幅度加強按本節(jié)實施的措施因而提高現(xiàn)行限制一般水平的任何締約國，應(yīng)于建立或加強限制后(如能事前協(xié)商則應(yīng)于建立或加強前)立即與締約國全體就自己國際收支困難的性質(zhì)，可能采取的其他補救辦法，以及這些限制對其他締約國的經(jīng)濟可能造成的影響，進行協(xié)商。

　　(b) On a date to be determined by them the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review all restrictions still applied under this Section on that date. Beginning two years after that date, contracting parties applying restrictions under this Section shall enter into consultations of the type provided for in subparagraph (a) above with the CONTRACTING PARTIES at intervals of approximately, but not less than, two years according to a programme to be drawn up each year by the CONTRACTING PARTIES; Provided that no consultation under this subparagraph shall take place within two years after the conclusion of a consultation of a general nature under any other provision of this paragraph.

　　(乙)締約國全體應(yīng)在其確定的某一日期，檢查在那一日期按本節(jié)規(guī)定仍在實施的一切限制。從那一日期后兩年開始，凡按本節(jié)規(guī)定實施進口限制的締約國應(yīng)約每隔兩年(但不短于兩年)，按締約國全體每年擬訂的計劃，同締約國全體進行上面(甲)項規(guī)定的那種協(xié)商。但是，在按本款其他規(guī)定進行的一般性協(xié)商結(jié)束還不到兩年的時期內(nèi)，本項規(guī)定的協(xié)商不應(yīng)進行。

　　(c) (i) If, in the course of consultations with a contracting party under subparagraph (a) or (b) of this paragraph, the CONTRACTING PARTIES find that the restrictions are not consistent with the provisions of this Section or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV), they shall indicate the nature of the inconsistency and may advise that the restrictions be suitably modified.

　　(丙)(1)締約國全體在按本款(甲)項或(乙)項同一締約國進行協(xié)商的過程中，如判定實施的限制與本節(jié)或本協(xié)定第八條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，它們應(yīng)指出不符的性質(zhì)，并可建議對限制作適當(dāng)?shù)男薷摹?/span>

　　(ii) If, however, as a result of the consultations, the CONTRACTING PARTIES determine that the restrictions are being applied in a manner involving an inconsistency of a serious nature with the provisions of this Section or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that damage to the trade of any contracting party is caused or threatened thereby, they shall so inform the contracting party applying the restrictions and shall make appropriate recommendations for securing conformity with such provisions within a specified period. If such contracting party does not comply with these recommendations within the specified period, the CONTRACTING PARTIES may release any contracting party the trade of which is adversely affected by the restrictions from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances.

　　(2)但是，如締約國全體經(jīng)協(xié)商后認(rèn)為正在實施的限制嚴(yán)重地與本節(jié)或與本協(xié)定第十三條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，認(rèn)為它對另一締約國的貿(mào)易造成損害或構(gòu)成威脅，它們應(yīng)將這一情況通知實施限制的締約國，并應(yīng)提出適當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄗh以保證這些規(guī)定在一定限期內(nèi)能得到遵守。如實施限制的締約國在規(guī)定限期內(nèi)不執(zhí)行這些建議，締約國全體在認(rèn)為必要時，可以解除貿(mào)易受到不利影響的那個締約國根據(jù)本協(xié)定對實施限制的締約國所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。

　　(d) The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall invite any contracting party which is applying restrictions under this Section to enter into consultations with them at the request of any contracting party which can establish a prima facie case that the restrictions are inconsistent with the provisions of this Section or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that its trade is adversely affected thereby. However, no such invitation shall be issued unless the CONTRACTING PARTIES have ascertained that direct discussions between the contracting parties concerned have not been successful. If, as a result of the consultations with the CONTRACTING PARTIES no agreement is reached and they determine that the restrictions are being applied inconsistently with such provisions, and that damage to the trade of the contracting party initiating the procedure is caused or threatened thereby, they shall recommend the withdrawal or modification of the restrictions. If the restrictions are not withdrawn or modified within such time as the CONTRACTING PARTIES may prescribe, they may release the contracting party initiating the procedure from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances.

　　(丁)如一締約國有理由認(rèn)為，另一締約國按本節(jié)而實施的限制系與本節(jié)或本協(xié)定第十三條(受本協(xié)定第十四條的限制)的規(guī)定不符，并認(rèn)為因此它的貿(mào)易受到不利的影響，它可以提出要求，請締約國全體邀請實施限制的締約國與締約國全體進行協(xié)商。締約國全體應(yīng)先查明在這兩個有關(guān)的締約國之間進行了直接討論，未能達成協(xié)議，才能發(fā)出這樣的邀請。經(jīng)與締約國全體協(xié)商，如果仍不能達成協(xié)議，而締約國全體又認(rèn)為正在實施與上述規(guī)定不符的限制，因而對提出這一程序的那個締約國的貿(mào)易造成損害或構(gòu)成威脅，則締約國全體應(yīng)建議撤銷或修改這項限制。如在締約國全體規(guī)定的限制內(nèi)，這項限制并未撤銷或修改，締約國全體如果認(rèn)為有必要，可以解除提出這一程序的締約國按本協(xié)定對實施限制的締約國所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。

　　(e) If a contracting party against which action has been taken in accordance with the last sentence of subparagraph (c) (ii) or (d) of this paragraph, finds that the release of obligations authorized by the CONTRACTING PARTIES adversely affects the operation of its programme and policy of economic development, it shall be free, not later than sixty days after such action is taken, to give written notice to the Executive Secretary(2) to the Contracting Parties of its intention to withdraw from this Agreement and such withdrawal shall take effect on the sixtieth day following the day on which the notice is received by him.

　　(戊)在按本款(丙)(2)項末句按本款(丁)項的規(guī)定對一締約國采取行動后，這一締約國如果認(rèn)為：締約國全體批準(zhǔn)的義務(wù)解除對它的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃和政策的實施發(fā)生有害的影響，則這一締約國在不遲于采取這項行動以后的60天內(nèi)，可以將退出本協(xié)定的意圖用書面通知締約國全體執(zhí)行秘書長，自秘書長收到書面通知以后第60天起，此項退出開始生效。

　　(f) In proceeding under this paragraph, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall have due regard to the factors referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article. Determinations under this paragraph shall be rendered expeditiously and, if possible, within sixty days of the initiation of the consultations.

　　(己)在按本款規(guī)定辦理時，締約國全體應(yīng)適當(dāng)注意本條第二款所述因素。按本款作出的決定應(yīng)盡速作出，如果可能，應(yīng)在開始協(xié)商后的60天內(nèi)作出。

　　Section C第三節(jié)

　　13. If a contracting party coming within the scope of paragraph 4 (a) of this Article finds that governmental assistance is required to promote the establishment of a particular industry with a view to raising the general standard of living of its people, but that no measure consistent with the other provisions of this Agreement is practicable to achieve that objective, it may have recourse to the provisions and procedures set out in this Section.

　　13.本條第四款(甲)項規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的一締約國如果發(fā)現(xiàn)：為了提高人民的一般生活水平，有必要對某一特定工業(yè)的加速建立提供政府援助，但是采取符合本協(xié)定其他規(guī)定的措施卻無法達到這一目的，則這一締約國可以引用本節(jié)的條款和程序。

　　14. The contracting party concerned shall notify the CONTRACTING PARTIES of the special difficulties which it meets in the achievement of the objective outlined in paragraph 13 of this Article and shall indicate the specific measure affecting imports which it proposes to introduce in order to remedy these difficulties. It shall not introduce that measure before the expiration of the time-limit laid down in paragraph 15 or 17, as the case may be, or if the measure affects imports of a product which is the subject of a concession included in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, unless it has secured the concurrence of the CONTRACTING PARTIES in accordance with provisions of paragraph 18; Provided that, if the industry receiving assistance has already started production, the contracting party may, after informing the CONTRACTING PARTIES, take such measures as may be necessary to prevent, during that period, imports of the product or products concerned from increasing substantially above a normal level.

　　14.有關(guān)締約國應(yīng)將它為實現(xiàn)本條第十三款所述目標(biāo)而面臨的特殊困難，通知締約國全體，并應(yīng)說明準(zhǔn)備采取什么影響進口的措施以克服這些困難。在本條第十五款或第十七款規(guī)定的時期分別滿期以前，有關(guān)締約國不得采用這種措施;或者，如采取的措施影響本協(xié)定有關(guān)減讓表所列減讓對象的產(chǎn)品的進口，除按本條第十八款得到締約國全體同意以外，有關(guān)締約國也不得采用這種措施。但如接受援助的工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始生產(chǎn)，則有關(guān)締約國于通知締約國全體后，可以采取必要的措施以防止在這一段時期內(nèi)有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的進口大大超過正常水平。

　　15. If, within thirty days of the notification of the measure, the CONTRACTING PARTIES do not request the contracting party concerned to consult with them, that contracting party shall be free to deviate from the relevant provisions of the other Articles of this Agreement to the extent necessary to apply the proposed measure.

　　15.如締約國全體在得到擬采取的措施通知后30天內(nèi)尚未要求有關(guān)締約國與它進行協(xié)商，則這一締約國在實施所提措施的必要程度內(nèi)，可以背離本協(xié)定其他各條的有關(guān)規(guī)定。

　　16. If it is requested by the CONTRACTING PARTIES to do so, the contracting party concerned shall consult with them as to the purpose of the proposed measure, as to alternative measures which may be available under this Agreement, and as to the possible effect of the measure proposed on the commercial and economic interests of other contracting parties. If, as a result of such consultation, the CONTRACTING PARTIES agree that there is no measure consistent with the other provisions of this Agreement which is practicable in order to achieve the objective outlined in paragraph 13 of this Article, and concur in the proposed measure, the contracting party concerned shall be released from its obligations under the relevant provisions of the other Articles of this Agreement to the extent necessary to apply that measure.

　　16.如果締約國全體提出要求，有關(guān)締約國應(yīng)與締約國全體協(xié)商所提措施的目的，可能采取的本協(xié)定許可的其他補救辦法以及所提措施可能對其他締約國的商業(yè)或經(jīng)濟利益產(chǎn)生的影響。如果協(xié)商的結(jié)果使締約國全體也認(rèn)為，為了實現(xiàn)本條第十三款所列目標(biāo)，本協(xié)定其他規(guī)定許可采取的措施都是不切實際的，并對有關(guān)締約國所提的措施表示同意，則有關(guān)締約國在實施這些措施所必需的程度內(nèi)應(yīng)解除本協(xié)定其他各條所規(guī)定的有關(guān)義務(wù)。

　　17. If, within ninety days after the date of the notification of the proposed measure under paragraph 14 of this Article, the CONTRACTING PARTIES have not concurred in such measure, the contracting party concerned may introduce the measure proposed after informing the CONTRACTING PARTIES.

　　17.按本條第十四款提出的措施通知締約國全體以后，締約國全體若在90天內(nèi)尚未表示同意，有關(guān)締約國于報告締約國全體后可以采用這一措施。

　　18. If the proposed measure affects a product which is the subject of a concession included in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, the contracting party concerned shall enter into consultations with any other contracting party with which the concession was initially negotiated, and with any other contracting party determined by the CONTRACTING PARTIES to have a substantial interest therein. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall concur in the measure if they agree that there is no measure consistent with the other provisions of this Agreement which is practicable in order to achieve the objective set forth in paragraph 13 of this Article, and if they are satisfied:

　　(a) that agreement has been reached with such other contracting parties as a result of the consultations referred to above, or

　　(b) if no such agreement has been reached within sixty days after the notification provided for in paragraph 14 has been received by the CONTRACTING PARTIES, that the contracting party having recourse to this Section has made all reasonable efforts to reach an agreement and that the interests of other contracting parties are adequately safeguarded.

　　The contracting party having recourse to this Section shall thereupon be released from its obligations under the relevant provisions of the other Articles of this Agreement to the extent necessary to permit it to apply the measure.

　　18.如果所提的措施影響本協(xié)定有關(guān)減讓表所列減讓對象的產(chǎn)品，有關(guān)締約國應(yīng)與原談判這一減讓的任何其他締約國以及締約國全體認(rèn)為與此有實質(zhì)利害關(guān)系的任何其他締約國進行協(xié)商。如果締約國全體也認(rèn)為，為了實現(xiàn)本條第十三款規(guī)定的目標(biāo)，本協(xié)定其他規(guī)定許可采取的措施都是不切實際的，并且締約國全體查明：

　　(甲)有關(guān)締約國與其他締約國進行上述協(xié)商已經(jīng)達成協(xié)議，或者

　　(乙)如果在締約國全體接到通知以后60天內(nèi)尚未達成協(xié)議，引用本節(jié)規(guī)定的締約國為了達成協(xié)議已經(jīng)作了一切努力，并且其他締約國的利益也已經(jīng)受到適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｗo，則締約國全體應(yīng)同意提出的措施。引用本節(jié)規(guī)定的締約國在實施措施所必需的程度內(nèi)，應(yīng)因此解除本協(xié)定其他各條的有關(guān)義務(wù)。

　　19. If a proposed measure of the type described in paragraph 13 of this Article concerns an industry the establishment of which has in the initial period been facilitated by incidental protection afforded by restrictions imposed by the contracting party concerned for balance of payments purposes under the relevant provisions of this Agreement, that contracting party may resort to the provisions and procedures of this Section; Provided that it shall not apply the proposed measure without the concurrenceof the CONTRACTING PARTIES.

　　19.本條第十三款所述的那種擬采取的措施，如果所涉及的工業(yè)，在建立初期由于有關(guān)締約國因國際收支的理由根據(jù)本協(xié)定有關(guān)規(guī)定實施限制產(chǎn)生的間接影響而得到加速，則這一締約國可以引用本節(jié)的規(guī)定和程序;但未經(jīng)締約國全體同意，這項擬采取的措施不得加以實施。

　　20. Nothing in the preceding paragraphs of this Section shall authorize any deviation from the provisions of Articles I, II and XIII of this Agreement. The provisos to paragraph 10 of this Article shall also be applicable to any restriction under this Section.

　　21. At any time while a measure is being applied under paragraph 17 of this Article any contracting party substantially affected by it may suspend the application to the trade of the contracting party having recourse to this Section of such substantially equivalent concessions or other obligations under this Agreement the suspension of which the CONTRACTING PARTIES do not disapprove; Provided that sixty days’ notice of such suspension is given to the CONTRACTING PARTIES not later than six months after the measure has been introduced or changed substantially to the detriment of the contracting party affected. Any such contracting party shall afford adequate opportunity for consultation in accordance with the provisions of Article XXII of this Agreement.

　　20.本節(jié)前述各款并非授權(quán)可以對本協(xié)定第一條、第二條和第八條的規(guī)定有任何偏離。本條第十款的但書也適用于根據(jù)本節(jié)而采取的任何限制。

　　21.當(dāng)按本條第十七款的規(guī)定實施一種措施時，凡因此受到實質(zhì)影響的任何締約國，可以對引用本節(jié)規(guī)定的締約國的貿(mào)易，暫停實施本協(xié)定規(guī)定的那些大體上對等的減讓或其他義務(wù)，如果締約國全體對此不表示異議的話;但是，在采用或?qū)嵸|(zhì)改變使締約國遭受損害的措施后的六個月內(nèi)，應(yīng)向締約國全體發(fā)出此項暫停的60天預(yù)先通知書。任一這類締約國應(yīng)按本協(xié)定第二十二條的規(guī)定提供充分的協(xié)商機會。

　　Section D 第四節(jié)

　　22. A contracting party coming within the scope of subparagraph 4 (b) of this Article desiring, in the interest of the development of its economy, to introduce a measure of the type described in paragraph 13 of this Article in respect of the establishment of a particular industry may apply to the CONTRACTING PARTIES for approval of such measure. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall promptly consult with such contracting party and shall, in making their decision, be guided by the considerations set out in paragraph 16. If the CONTRACTING PARTIES concur in the proposed measure the contracting party concerned shall be released from its obligations under the relevant provisions of the other Articles of this Agreement to the extent necessary to permit it to apply the measure. If the proposed measure affects a product which is the subject of a concession included in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, the provisions of paragraph 18 shall apply.

　　22.本條第四款(乙)項規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的一締約國為了發(fā)展它的經(jīng)濟，擬對某特定工業(yè)的建立采用本條第十三款所述的那種措施時，可以申請締約國全體批準(zhǔn)實施這項措施。締約國全體應(yīng)立即與申請的締約國協(xié)商，并應(yīng)以本條第十六款所列因素為指導(dǎo)作出它的決定。如締約國全體同意提出的措施，則應(yīng)在能夠?qū)嵤┐胧┑谋匾潭葍?nèi)，解除有關(guān)締約國根據(jù)本協(xié)定其他各條的有關(guān)規(guī)定所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)。如提出的措施所影響的產(chǎn)品是本協(xié)定有關(guān)減讓表所列減讓的對象，則本條第十八款的規(guī)定應(yīng)予適用。

　　23. Any measure applied under this Section shall comply with the provisions of paragraph 20 of this Article.

　　23.按本節(jié)而實施的任何措施，應(yīng)符合本條第二十款的規(guī)定。

　　Article XIX: Emergency Action on Imports of Particular Products

　　第十九條 對某些產(chǎn)品的進口的緊急措施

　　1. (a) If, as a result of unforeseen developments and of the effect of the obligations incurred by a contracting party under this Agreement, including tariff concessions, any product is being imported into the territory of that contracting party in such increased quantities and under such conditions as to cause or threaten serious injury to domestic producers in that territory of like or directly competitive products, the contracting party shall be free, in respect of such product, and to the extent and for such time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy such injury, to suspend the obligation in whole or in part or to withdraw or modify the concession.

　　1.(甲)如因意外情況的發(fā)展或因一締約國承擔(dān)本協(xié)定義務(wù)(包括關(guān)稅減讓在內(nèi))而產(chǎn)生的影響，使某一產(chǎn)品輸入到這一締約國領(lǐng)土的數(shù)量大為增加，對這一領(lǐng)土內(nèi)相同產(chǎn)品或與它直接競爭產(chǎn)品的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)者造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害或產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的威脅時，這一締約國在防止或糾正這種損害所必需的程度和時間內(nèi)，可以對上述產(chǎn)品全部或部分地暫停實施其所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)，或者撤銷或修改減讓。

　　(b) If any product, which is the subject of a concession with respect to a preference, is being imported into the territory of a contracting party in the circumstances set forth in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph, so as to cause or threaten serious injury to domestic producers of like or directly competitive products in the territory of a contracting party which receives or received such preference, the importing contracting party shall be free, if that other contracting party so requests, to suspend the relevant obligation in whole or in part or to withdraw or modify the concession in respect of the product, to the extent and for such time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy such injury.

　　(乙)屬于優(yōu)惠減讓對象的某一產(chǎn)品，如在本款(甲)項所述情形下輸入到一締約國領(lǐng)土，并因此對目前或過去享受這種優(yōu)惠的另一締約國領(lǐng)土內(nèi)的相同產(chǎn)品或與它直接競爭的產(chǎn)品的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)者造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害或產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重威脅時，經(jīng)這一另締約國提出請求后，輸入這種產(chǎn)品的締約國可以在防止或糾正這種損害所必需的程度和時間內(nèi)，全部或部分地對這種產(chǎn)品暫停實施所承擔(dān)的有關(guān)減讓，或者撤銷或修改減讓。

　　2. Before any contracting party shall take action pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall give notice in writing to the CONTRACTING PARTIES as far in advance as may be practicable and shall afford the CONTRACTING PARTIES and those contracting parties having a substantial interest as exporters of the product concerned an opportunity to consult with it in respect of the proposed action. When such notice is given in relation to a concession with respect to a preference, the notice shall name the contracting party which has requested the action. In critical circumstances, where delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair, action under paragraph 1 of this Article may be taken provisionally without prior consultation, on the condition that consultation shall be effected immediately after taking such action.

　　2.締約國在根據(jù)本條第一款的規(guī)定采取行動以前，應(yīng)盡可能提前用書面通知締約國全體，以便締約國全體及與這項產(chǎn)品的出口有實質(zhì)利害關(guān)系的締約國，有機會與它就擬采取的行動進行協(xié)商。如涉及的是有關(guān)優(yōu)惠方面的減讓，在書面通知中應(yīng)注明要求采取行動的締約國的名稱。在緊急情況下，如果延遲會造成難于補救的損害，不經(jīng)事前協(xié)商，可以采取本條第一款規(guī)定的行動，但在采取行動以后，必須立即進行協(xié)商。

　　3. (a) If agreement among the interested contracting parties with respect to the action is not reached, the contracting party which proposes to take or continue the action shall, nevertheless, be free to do so, and if such action is taken or continued, the affected contracting parties shall then be free, not later than ninety days after such action is taken, to suspend, upon the expiration of thirty days from the day on which written notice of such suspension is received by the CONTRACTING PARTIES, the application to the trade of the contracting party taking such action, or, in the case envisaged in paragraph 1 (b) of this Article, to the trade of the contracting party requesting such action, of such substantially equivalent concessions or other obligations under this Agreement the suspension of which the CONTRACTING PARTIES do not disapprove.

　　3.(甲)如在有利害關(guān)系的締約國之間不能就這項行動達成協(xié)議，則提議采取或維持這項行動的締約國仍然可以執(zhí)行它。當(dāng)它這樣做以后，受到影響的締約國在采取這項行動以后的90天內(nèi)，可以從締約國全體收到暫停實施減讓的書面通知之日起30天期滿以后，對采取這項行動的締約國的貿(mào)易，暫停實施本協(xié)定規(guī)定的那些大體上對等的減讓或其他義務(wù)，或如為本條第一款(乙)項所述情況，對要求采取這項行動的締約國，暫停實施這種減讓或其他義務(wù)，如果締約國全體對此不表示異議。

　　(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph, where action is taken under paragraph 2 of this Article without prior consultation and causes or threatens serious injury in the territory of a contracting party to the domestic producers of products affected by the action, that contracting party shall, where delay would cause damage difficult to repair, be free to suspend, upon the taking of the action and throughout the period of consultation, such concessions or other obligations as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the injury.

　　(乙)在未經(jīng)事前協(xié)商即按本條第二款采取行動因此對一締約國領(lǐng)土產(chǎn)品的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)者造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害或產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重威脅的情況下，盡管有本款(甲)項的規(guī)定，如果延遲會造成難于補救的損失，則那一締約國在這項行動采取以后以及在整個協(xié)商期間，可以暫停實施防止或糾正損害所必需的那種減讓或其他義務(wù)。

　　Article XX: General Exceptions 第二十條 一般例外

　　Subject to the requirement that such measures are not applied in a manner which would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between countries where the same conditions prevail, or a disguised restriction on international trade, nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent the adoption or enforcement by any contracting party of measures:

　　(a) necessary to protect public morals;

　　(b) necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health;

　　(c) relating to the importations or exportations of gold or silver;

　　本協(xié)定的規(guī)定不得解釋為阻止締約國采用或?qū)嵤┮韵麓胧?，但對情況相同的各國，實施的措施不得構(gòu)成武斷的或不合理的差別待遇，或構(gòu)成對國際貿(mào)易的變相限制：

　　(甲)為維護公共道德所必需的措施;

　　(乙)為保障人民、動植物的生命或健康所必需的措施;

　　(丙)有關(guān)輸出或輸入黃金或白銀的措施;

　　(d) necessary to secure compliance with laws or regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, including those relating to customs enforcement, the enforcement of monopolies operated under paragraph 4 of Article II and Article XVII, the protection of patents, trade marks and copyrights, and the prevention of deceptive practices;

　　(丁)為保證某些與本協(xié)定的規(guī)定并無抵觸的法令或條例的貫徹執(zhí)行所必需的措施，包括加強海關(guān)法令或條例，加強根據(jù)本協(xié)定第二條第四款和第十四條而實施的壟斷，保護專利權(quán)、商標(biāo)及版權(quán)，以及防止欺騙行為所必需的措施;

　　(e) relating to the products of prison labour;

　　(f) imposed for the protection of national treasures of artistic, historic or archaeological value;

　　(g) relating to the conservation of exhaustible natural resources if such measures are made effective in conjunction with restrictions on domestic production or consumption;

　　(戊)有關(guān)監(jiān)獄勞動產(chǎn)品的措施;

　　(己)為保護本國具有藝術(shù)、歷史或考古價值的文物而采取的措施;

　　(庚)與國內(nèi)限制生產(chǎn)與消費的措施相配合，為有效保護可能用竭的天然資源的有關(guān)措施;

　　(h) undertaken in pursuance of obligations under any intergovernmental commodity agreement which conforms to criteria submitted to the CONTRACTING PARTIES and not disapproved by them or which is itself so submitted and not so disapproved;

　　(i) involving restrictions on exports of domestic materials necessary to ensure essential quantities of such materials to a domestic processing industry during periods when the domestic price of such materials is held below the world price as part of a governmental stabilization plan; Provided that such restrictions shall not operate to increase the exports of or the protection afforded to such domestic industry, and shall not depart from the provisions of this Agreement relating to non-discrimination;

　　(辛)如果商品協(xié)定所遵守的原則已向締約國全體提出，締約國全體未表示異議，或商品協(xié)定本身已向締約國全體提出，締約國全體未表示異議，為履行這種國際商品協(xié)定所承擔(dān)的義務(wù)而采取的措施;

　　(申)在國內(nèi)原料的價格被壓低到低于國際價格水平，作為在政府穩(wěn)定計劃的一部分的期間內(nèi)，為了保證國內(nèi)加工工業(yè)對這些原料的基本需要，有必要采取的限制這些原料出口的措施;但不得利用限制來增加此種國內(nèi)工業(yè)的出口或?qū)ζ涮峁┍Ｗo，也不得背離本協(xié)定的有關(guān)非歧視的規(guī)定;

　　(j) essential to the acquisition or distribution of products in general or local short supply; Provided that any such measures shall be consistent with the principle that all contracting parties are entitled to an equitable share of the international supply of such products, and that any such measures, which are inconsistent with the other provisions of the Agreement shall be discontinued as soon as the conditions giving rise to them have ceased to exist. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review the need for this sub-paragraph not later than 30 June 1960.

　　(酉)在普遍或局部供應(yīng)不足的情況下，為獲取或分配產(chǎn)品所必需采取的措施;但采取的措施必須符合以下原則：所有締約國在這些產(chǎn)品的國際供應(yīng)中都有權(quán)占有公平的份額，而且，如采取的措施與本協(xié)定的其他規(guī)定不符，它應(yīng)在導(dǎo)致其實施的條件不復(fù)存在時，立即予以停止。最遲于1960年6月30日以前，締約國全體應(yīng)對本項規(guī)定的需要情況進行檢查 。