原文

For the athlete undergoing direct repair of spondylolysis, a return to preinjury athletic performance is often the primary goal. Authors reporting on surgical outcomes in athletes with these injuries use a variety of methods to measure outcome. In 1966, Henderson proposed a set of criteria to measure the outcome in patients undergoing surgical treatment for spondylolisthesis. These criteria are still used today and provide an overall view of outcomes in a large patient population.
Although the literature contains limited data on athletes, the available data reveal that professional athletes can undergo various methods of surgical treatment and achieve excellent outcomes and a return to their previous athletic performance . Buck’s is a popular technique for the surgical treatment of spondylolysis in athletes, with half of the studies on athletes utilizing this technique. The procedure also yields consistently high outcomes, with > 90% of athletes able to return to their previous athletic performance. Other methods, such as pedicle screw hook fixation, show potential, but the limited available data make it difficult to draw conclusions.
There is no consensus on when an athlete can return to play. In a survey, Scoliosis Research Society members reported greatly varied recommendations regarding a return to sports following surgery for scoliosis. The most common recommendation for a noncontact, low-impact sport was after 6 months. For contact sports, the most common recommendation was after 12 months; however, 13% of responding clinicians recommended never returning. For collision sports, 60% of responding clinicians did not favor ever resuming the sport.
譯文
    針對患有脊椎滑脫需實施直接手術修復的運動員，重獲賽前的競技狀態(tài)是治療的首要目標。 研究者采用不同的預后衡量方法對運動員的臨床預后進行了報道。1966年，Henderson提出了一項脊椎滑脫手術治療臨床預后評估標準。這些標準一直沿用至今。
    雖然運動員脊椎滑脫的相關研究較少，但現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，職業(yè)運動員可進行不同的手術治療，療效較為理想，均可重獲其賽前運動能力。出現(xiàn)脊椎滑脫的運動員多數(shù)實施Buck手術，占總研究數(shù)量的50%。該手術所得臨床預后較高，高于90%的運動員可繼續(xù)從事其競技運動。其他方法，如椎弓根釘鉤固定雖然也有一定療效，但所得數(shù)據(jù)有限，難以得出可靠的結論。
    針對運動員恢復到何種程度即可回到賽場，目前尚無定論。脊柱側凸研究學會報告脊柱側凸術后運動員回歸賽場的時間各異，33其主張6個月后運動員可以回到非接觸、輕度撞擊的運動當中。針對接觸式運動，推薦時間為12個月后。但有約3%的醫(yī)師建議運動員不要再從事競技活動。對撞擊性運動而言，60%的醫(yī)師建議放棄競技運動。