野外吮她的花蒂,国产精品久久久久久久久久久久午衣片,欧美猛少妇色xxxxx猛叫,YYY6080韩国三级理论

  第三節(jié) 句式結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)(Sentence Structure)

　　1.句子冗長，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語序復(fù)雜(prolixity, preciseness and perplexity )

　　英文合同為了準(zhǔn)確、嚴(yán)密、清楚地表達(dá)，多以龐雜的從句和/或短語并列，語序復(fù)雜多變的長句面目出現(xiàn)，很少以簡單句為主。

　　A.主句的狀語的位置，一般放在助動詞后，行為動詞前，與基礎(chǔ)英語頻度副詞如;often，sometimes，always，never，seldom的位置相同。例如：

　　The Company shall, at all time during the term of the Joint Venture, effect and maintain full and adequate insurance against loss or damage by fire and such risks as are customarily issued in connection with the operation of the Company.

　　合資公司應(yīng)在合資期間的任何時候，就火災(zāi)以及此類與公司經(jīng)營相關(guān)的其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所造成的損失或損害進(jìn)行投保，并保持充分和適當(dāng)?shù)谋ｋU(xiǎn)。

　　B.從句復(fù)雜，從句的狀語，往往放在連詞

之后，從句的句子之前。例如：

　　If, at any time during the execution of the Contract, either of the Parties to the contract is prevented from executing the Contract in case of Force Majeure such as war, serious fires, flood, typhoon and earthquake, etc., the time for execution of the Contract shall be extended for a period equal to the affect of those causes.

　　在合同期間的任何時候，合同任一方，由于受到戰(zhàn)爭、嚴(yán)重火災(zāi)、洪水、臺風(fēng)和地震等不可抗力事件的影響而不能履行合同時，合同履行期應(yīng)予延長，延長期限相當(dāng)于事件影響的時間。

　　C.主從復(fù)合句，從句經(jīng)常用簡略形式。

　　2.否定前置與倒裝(Negative Fronting and Anastrophe)

　　英語中處理否定的方式一般有兩種：一是否定詞放在情態(tài)動詞或助動詞后，行為動詞前，構(gòu)成正常的陳述語序;二是否定詞放在句首，然后情態(tài)動詞或助動詞與主語位置調(diào)換，構(gòu)成倒裝語序。英文合同中含否定意義的句子往往采用后者。例如：

　　否定僅前置：(Fronting)

　　Nothing in Article 12.3 shall prevent Party A or any of its affiliation from continuing to carry on any of their present businesses.

　　否定倒裝：(Anastrophe)

　　In no event shall the Seller be liable for lost profits, delay, injury to goodwill or any special or consequential damages howsoever any of the same are caused.

　　對于利潤損失、延誤、商譽(yù)損害或任何特別或間接的損害賠償，不論任何原因引起的，賣方概不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

　　3.被動語態(tài)(Passive Voice)

　　和基礎(chǔ)英語一樣，英文合同中如果不必知道行為主體、不知道行為主體、想強(qiáng)調(diào)行為結(jié)果時，就會使用被動語態(tài)。被動結(jié)構(gòu)往往

　　作為后置定語、狀語或者句子的謂語。例如：

　　Failure to notify Party A shall be deemed to be a material breach of this Agreement.

　　未能按上述要求通知甲方的，則視為構(gòu)成實(shí)質(zhì)違約。(作謂語)

　　Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set forth hereinafter as follows:，

　　按如下列明的條款，賣方同意出售，買方同意購買下述商品：(作后置定語)

　　1. Such…as的用法

　　英文合同力求嚴(yán)密、準(zhǔn)確，為避免誤解和歧義，常用such……as作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)從句，把所修飾的詞或短語放在such和as之間來明確含義。例如：

　　The Engineer shall have authority to issue to the Contractor, from time to time, such supplementary Drawings and instructions as shall be necessary for the purpose of the proper and adequate execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein.工程師有權(quán)隨時向承包人發(fā)出合理和恰當(dāng)施工、竣工及修補(bǔ)工程缺陷所必須的補(bǔ)充圖紙和指令。

　　B shall provide such information and data as useful and necessary for the negotiation and appoint a person to cooperate with the representatives from C or New Company and the People's Insurance Company of China in charge of the negotiation.

　　乙方應(yīng)向丙方或新公司和主管該談判的中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司提供談判所需的有用資訊材料并指定人員與上述各方進(jìn)行配合。

　　The Employee shall also comply with such future Employer policies, rules, regulations, performance standards and manuals as may be published or amended from time to time. 受聘員工也應(yīng)遵守可隨時公布或修改的聘用方今后的政策、守則、規(guī)定、行為規(guī)范和員工手冊。

　　                      第四節(jié) 時態(tài)特點(diǎn)(Tense)

　　由于合同具有預(yù)見性，其約定是希望未來發(fā)生、可能發(fā)生、應(yīng)避免發(fā)生的事宜，所以英文合同中的時態(tài)多為一般將來時或一般現(xiàn)在時(從句中多見)。而且往往以“應(yīng)當(dāng)做(shall do)”、“可以做(may do)”、“必須做(must do)”、“不得做(may not/shall not)”等表達(dá)形式出現(xiàn)來說明當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利、義務(wù)。參看第二章第二節(jié)，在此不再贅述。也有基礎(chǔ)英語常見的will、will not、to do及do(用于強(qiáng)調(diào)語氣)的表達(dá)形式。絕少看到其他時態(tài)和表達(dá)方式。例如：

　　Licensee agrees that it will not during the term of this agreement, or thereafter, attack the title or any rights of Licensor in and to the Name or attack the validity of this license.

　　受許可方同意在本協(xié)議期間及其后不以或?qū)υS可方名義侵害許可方的所有權(quán)或任何權(quán)利或侵害該許可的效力。

　　(主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用will not表一般將來時的否定)

合同翻譯 專業(yè)合同翻譯 http://www.pmcwfrk.cn/contract/